@article { author = {Marzban, Sima and Savadkoohi, Ali Amir and Ramezankhani, Ali and Hekmatyar, Jabber}, title = {Explaining Management Status of Intensive Care Units Beds: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {192-203}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Access to intensive care unit (ICU) beds varies in different countries. Due to the population growth, aging, and longer survival of chronic patients, demand for these beds is increasing all over the world. The present study was performed to assess the management status of ICU beds in selected teaching hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis method in 2016. In this study, 25 participants were selected by purposive sampling and with maximum variation, and were interviewed by semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. The interviews were performed in the participants' workplace and lasted between 30 and 60 min. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach. Results: After data analysis, 4 main themes including human capacities related to bed management, the relevant organizational and managerial requirements, ICU prioritized patients' admission and discharge manner, and strategies for promotion and improvement of ICU bed management status and 12 subthemes related to the management status of ICU beds were extracted. Conclusion: According to the results, in our country, bed management in the intensive care units faces many challenges, especially in the areas related to human capacities, ICU admission and discharge prioritization method, and ICUs' monitoring and control, which need to be paid more attention. These challenges can be addressed through training more ICU specialists, observing international admission and discharge criteria, and using appropriate monitoring and control systems.}, keywords = {Bed management,ICU bed,Admission and discharge criteria,Hospital,Qualitative study}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90975.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90975_8d091564748d57211f8483a7ee4a6173.pdf} } @article { author = {Seyed Nematollah Roshan, Fatemeh Sadat and Alhani, Fatemeh and Zareiyan, Armin and Kazemnejad, Anoshirvan}, title = {Concept Analysis of Women’s Quality of Life: A Hybrid Model}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {204-220}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Many factors affect desirable quality of life. Regarding the subjective and multivariate nature of the quality of life concept and the need for attention in different cultures and groups of the society, the present study was performed to analyze the concept of quality of life from women's perspectives. Method: To analyze the quality of women's life, Schwartz-Barcott and Kim's hybrid model was used. At theoretical stage, in order to deeply analyze and redefine the concept of women's quality of life, 571 articles from available and reputable databases without a year limit and with keywords of life quality and women were searched in Persian and English. At practical stage, 40 Iranian women living in Tehran were interviewed. Then, the text of interviews was handwritten and analyzed using Zhang's content analysis method. Finally, the similarities and differences of definitions obtained from the previous two stages were evaluated and a general analysis was performed. Results: In the final analysis, women's quality of life was defined as follows: “The quality of life from women's perspectives is a subjective concept and expressed as the sense of happiness that they experience it in their lives by having peace of mind in life, satisfaction with health due to responsibility for health and communicating with themselves, God, environment, and others, sense of security, and understanding of the comprehensive support received to have an ideal life. Conclusion: Based on the findings, paying attention to the status of women in the field of comprehensive support, sense of security, health responsibility, and communication can bring useful and significant results to improve the quality of women's life.}, keywords = {Quality of Life,Women,Concept analysis,Hybrid model}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90976.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90976_9559857f4159b16f11b840afd0a86a0b.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammadi, Mohammad and Firouzkouhi, Mohammadreza and Abdollahimohammad, Abdolghani and Shivanpour, Maryam}, title = {The Challenges of Pre-Hospital Emergency Personnel in Sistan Area: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {221-232}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Pre-hospital emergency (EMS) is actually a community-based system that responds to the needs of the injured or patients with emergency and acute illness, outside health care centers until they are transferred to a health facility. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges that pre-hospital emergency personnel face with. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. Using purposive sampling, 12 pre-hospital emergency personnel in Zabol were included in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Braun and Clarke method was used to analyze the data. Results: The results extracted from the experiences of pre-hospital emergency personnel included four themes: emergencies as expectations of challenges, new challenges for old and new equipment, challenges of personnel conflict with needs and frequency of roles. Conclusion: According to the results, pre-hospital emergency personnel on mission work face with many problems. In order to improve the quality of services, pre-hospital emergency requires a reform of the organizational structure, reform of administrative rules and regulations, revision of educational programs, provision of the necessary facilities and equipment, employment of human resources needed, revision of the personnel monitoring and evaluation system, as well as providing welfare facilities for personnel.}, keywords = {Pre-hospital emergency,Experiences,Challenges,qualitative research}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90977.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90977_01ff11ebf3bcae8cf27dd2c416976ecc.pdf} } @article { author = {Askari Majdabadi, Hesamedin and Montazeri, Ali and Khalajabadi Farahani, Farideh and Nedjat, Saharnaz and Solhi, Mahnaz}, title = {Exploration of Factors Promoting and Inhibiting Fast Food Consumption among Adolescents}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {233-246}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: In recent years, fast food consumption has increased among adolescents and it has become a concern, a health threat, and a major health problem. There are few studies and evidences about factors promoting and inhibiting the consumption of fast food. This study aimed to identify factors promoting or inhibiting the consumption of fast food among adolescents. Method: This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran. Using purposive sampling method, a total of 42 adolescents were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Results: According to the findings of this study, all factors inhibiting the consumption of fast food were classified into three main themes: personal views, social and family inhibiting factors. And promoting factors include: personal views, social and family promoting factors. Conclusion: This study identified the factors promoting and inhibiting the consumption of fast food among adolescents. According to the results, the factors promoting fast food consumption were stronger than the inhibiting factors. In other words, there are many factors promoting adolescents to consume fast foods. The findings of this study can be a valuable groundwork for designing interventions for reducing the consumption of fast food; however, more research is needed to investigate and understand effective strategies to reduce fast food consumption in adolescents.}, keywords = {Fast food,Teenagers,Eating habits,qualitative research}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90978.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90978_eb92a1e223eb2cc8ec462220634f9614.pdf} } @article { author = {Memari, Saeede and Khanifar, Hossein and Mehran, Golnar and Yazdani, Hamidreza and Fereiduni, Somayeh}, title = {Examining the Concept of Sexual Health of Adolescent Students from the Perspective of Experts with a Focus on Parent Education}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {247-259}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Adolescence is one of the most important periods of life and adolescent behavioral characteristics are of great importance. Adolescents tend to overcome limitations and experience new behaviors; however, issues related to sexual health must be addressed. The main concern of the present study was to define the sexual health of adolescent students from the perspectives of experts and how these views can be sustained and promoted through parental education. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using qualitative content analysis. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 18 experts who were selected through purposive sampling with the Maximum diversity. The participants were individuals specialized in education, health, and juvenile issues. Results: After analyzing the data in the three stages of encoding, 20 subcategories, 7 main categories, and one theme were extracted. The findings indicate that sexual health is shaped in an inefficient sociocultural structure and also show the weaknesses in programs on sexual health education for parents and adolescents, which are influenced by social, familial, and individual factors. Conclusion: Sexual health is not limited to specific periods and is important from the birth throughout life. It requires special attention during adolescence. Although this stage requires the joint efforts of family and relevant organs and institutions related to health and education, family is the first and most important provider of sexual health and it must be provided with proper education.}, keywords = {Sexual health,Adolescent,Parent education}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90979.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90979_a3db116ca5888ad7a8ad0fc751d80939.pdf} } @article { author = {Rouhparvar, Zahra and Shahali, Shadab and Javadnoori, Mojgan}, title = {Parents' Perceptions of Challenges of Male Adolescent's Sexual Education: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {260-270}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: The lack of accurate and timely sex education would endanger the physical and mental health of adolescents. Parents play an important role in the sexual education of adolescents, but they meet some challenges especially in Iran. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences and perceptions of parents' challenges of sexual education of male adolescents. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis method in 2016. Data were collected by semi-structured group interviews with 25 parents of 10-19-year-old adolescents who were living in Ahvaz and selected using purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Results: After data analysis, 29 codes, 7 sub-themes (contradiction of parental views, parental confusion, barriers to communication with adolescents, the multiplicity and complexity of the sources of sexual information, cultural taboos, the lack of understanding of the need for sexual education, the missed role of school in sexual education) and one main theme (challenges of sexual education in male adolescents) were obtained. Conclusion: The results of this study show that parents had inadequate skills in communicating with male adolescents, most of which derived from cultural taboos such as shame and hide and fear of breaking divorce between parents and adolescents. Therefore, the parental empowerment for the sexual education of adolescents with institutionalizing formal sexual education in the form of child-rearing practices is essential.}, keywords = {Sex education,Parents,Male adolescents,Qualitative study}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90980.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90980_8d23df360e9979798ec0f600476b2f0a.pdf} } @article { author = {Lorestani, Elahe and Esmaeilinasab, Maryam and Ahmadi, Fazlollah}, title = {Social Reactions Affecting the Severity of Stuttering among Adults who Stutter: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {271-279}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Stuttering is a disorder associated with many social and social consequences for those who stutter. Regarding the decisive role of social reactions in exacerbating or reducing many psychological problems such as stuttering and the culture-related nature of social behaviors, this study was conducted to assess social reactions affecting the severity of stuttering among Iranian adults who stutter. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling and continued until data saturation. Finally, 26 stutterers were evaluated through non-structured interviews. Data were simultaneously analyzed with data collection according to the steps suggested by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: After data analysis, two main categories including “moderating social reactions” and “exacerbating social reactions”, and from these categories, one theme “social reactions affecting the severity of stuttering”, were extracted. Conclusion: According to the results, adults who stutter, had unpleasant experiences with inadequate level of public’s awareness about stuttering or media ads and some other people’s reactions, which some of them are similar to results obtained in other cultures. The results of this study can be useful in designing educational protocols for increasing the awareness of the society about stuttering, and consequently, play a key role in the treatment process among these individuals.}, keywords = {Stuttering,Social reactions,content analysis}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90981.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90981_e336240e29b34de2658b483a6adbc721.pdf} } @article { author = {Merghati-khoei, Effat –al- Sadat and Taleghani, Fariba and Noroozi, Mahnaz and Tavakoli, Mahgol and Gholami, Ali}, title = {Factors Protecting Youths in Engagement in Pre-marital Sexual Relationships: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {280-289}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Youths are considered as a susceptible group in terms of engagement in pre-marital sexual relationships. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain factors protecting youths in engagement in pre-marital sexual relationships. Method: This qualitative study was performed on 30 youths as well as 17 other participants (other than the youths) living in Isfahan in 2013. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using qualitative conventional content analysis. Results: After data analysis, two themes including "having a strong and secure personality" and "obeying the religious beliefs and principles" were obtained. Conclusion: According to the results, having a healthy personality and obeying religious beliefs play an outstanding role in protecting youths in engagement in pre-marital sexual relationships? The results of this study can pave the way toward interventions for internalizing religious values as well as developing healthy personality in youth, which help their sexual health promotion.}, keywords = {Protective factors,Sexual behaviour,Youths,Qualitative study,Iran}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90982.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90982_6955515dc07748aa992c09f0d0e98878.pdf} } @article { author = {Arab, Sahar and Ziaei, Tayebe and Behnampour, Nasser and Khoori, Elham}, title = {An Education System for Growth or Concern of Adolescents}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {290-299}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Adolescence is a more Challenging period than other periods of life. Though academic achievement is a universal concern for all students, but the perception of adolescents about these concerns and its severity is more related to the atmosphere and culture of the society in where students live. Hence, according to the effect of education system on adolescents, this study aimed to determine Educational concerns of high school female students from their own perspective. Method: This quantitative content analysis study was performed on 500 high school female students in Gorgan city. Data were collected using an open-ended question about students' concerns about their daily lives. In total, 482 sheets including adolescents concerns, were analyzed. Results: The findings showed three categories of self (%93.8), significant other (%44.8), and peripheral system (%21.2). In this study, the adolescents' concerns categorized in the three categories that were related to their education system, were discussed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed high concern of adolescents about academic achievement. The current education policies push adolescents into one-dimensional life, without learning skills. The result could lead to bringing up adolescents who have difficulty in shaping their personality, humanity, and creativity, and have not learned the essential skills of life. Therefore, society seems to need corrective changes in the education system.}, keywords = {Concern,Adolescent,Education system,Study}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90983.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90983_2859d2c753e1afa2cbb08d7df3656048.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadeghi, Roya and Mortaz Hejri, Sara and Shakibazadeh, Elham and Rahimi Foroushani, Abbas and Heshmati, Hashem}, title = {Barriers of Health Education in Iran’s Health System: A Qualitative study}, journal = {Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {300-317}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2645-6109}, eissn = {2645-6109}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction: Despite the importance of health education, studies revealed that health education in Iran’s health system is not desirable, so the present study was done to investigate the barriers of health education in Iran’s health system. Method: This qualitative study was done in 2019. Twenty health experts and physician and 26 community-based health workers (CHWs) were selected through purposive sampling method. Data were collected using semi-structured interview and group discussion. The data were analyzed using Lundman and Graneheim content analysis approach. Results: After data analysis, five themes including personal barriers (low capability of CHWs, low personal motivation, and wrong belifes of educator), interpersonal (the weakness of other health care providers in educating CHWs, inaccurate communication, poor commitment, and Customer-related problems), organizational (the weakness in empowerment of health care providers, high workload of CHWs, problems related to educational resources, and inappropriate evaluation and monitoring), social (low credibility of CHWs among Community Members (CMs), economical issues of CMs, and challenges related to using internet and virtual social networks), and contextual barriers (those related to universities, radio and television, and the gap between practical and theoretical education) were extracted. Conclusion: As barriers are multidimensional, so it is recommended to develop a comprehensive plan with cooperation of managers, experts, and health providers for solving the barriers.}, keywords = {Health Education,Barriers,Health system}, url = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90984.html}, eprint = {https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90984_52bd1d4b848ebf8f769466c8c4749b6a.pdf} }