ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exploration of structure of clinical judgment of nurses: A grounded theory study
Introduction: Clinical judgement as a tool for professionals allows the nurses to play their roles and
explore their opinion. This necessitates clarification of the structure of clinical judgment. It is difficult to
give a unanimous definition for clinical judgement therefore, exploration of the structure of the concept is
necessary to understanding clinical judgment. The aim of this study is to explore the structure of clinical
judgment of nurses.
Method: This qualitative research was a grounded theory study based on purposed sampling. 18 clinical
nurses from Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed
in Microsoft Word Office, and then the data were analyzed in MAXQDA2007. Constant comparison
analyses were used simultaneously with data collection.
Results: The participants in study include 9 men and 9 women, with at least 3 years of experience of
nursing in variable clinical settings. Final research findings could be discussed in five categories
including: complexity of definition of clinical judgment, context of clinical judgment, continuum of
clinical judgment, skills of nurse in clinical judgment, and achieve to professional criteria.
Conclusion: Despite the complexity of the concept in the literatures and the field of research, this study
could explore the structure of clinical judgment of nurses in the clinical arena. The results of this study
would be used to explore nurses' clinical judgment model, based on grounded theory.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90760_df711d3e319e9bc68b71a3241eb6ca0c.pdf
2014-01-01
297
309
Clinical judgment
Nurses
Grounded theory
Qualitative study
Jamal
Seidi
1
Tarbiat Modares
AUTHOR
Fatemah
Alhani
alhani_f@modares.ac.ir
2
Tarbiat Modares
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahvash
Salsali
salsali@tums.ac.ir
3
TUMS
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Barriers to Support for Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Parents who have children with cerebral palsy are exposed to the complicated care procedures of the afflicted child. Thus, they need support in order to decrease problems in this respect. However, their needs are not sufficiently met. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore barriers to support for parents of children with cerebral palsy. Method: This qualitative study was conducted in 2011-2012 using content analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to select the participants and continued until data saturation was reached. As a result, 31 participants from among parents of children with cerebral palsy referred to the rehabilitation centers in Tehran, Iran, and experts were selected. The data were collected by in-depth semi-structured interviews and from collected documents, and were analyzed by induction method. Results: Data analysis results revealed three main categories of organizational barriers (poor institutional coordination and communication, and lack of supportive laws with administrative support), professional barriers (poor teamwork, and lack of professional competency), and family barriers. Conclusion: Through understanding parents' needs and complementing supportive laws for parents with afflicted children, coordination among supportive organizations, and planning for comprehensive care along with supportive services packages, policy makers and health services managers can help eliminate parents' problems with regard to caring for their children with cerebral palsy.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91075_8e664cbaf2d1f7aeda4dc5b4acb68468.pdf
2014-01-01
305
316
Parents
Cerebral palsy in children
Support
Barriers
Qualitative study
nasrin
alaee
n_alaie@yahoo.com
1
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
AUTHOR
Farahnaz
Mohammadi Shahboulaghi
2
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamidreza
Khankeh
hamid.khankeh@ki.se
3
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
AUTHOR
Sima
Mohammad Khan Kermanshahi
4
Tarbiat Modares University
AUTHOR
1-Lindblad B M، Rasmussen H B، Sandman P O. A life enriching togetherness--meanings of informal support when being a parent of a child with disability. Scandinavian Journal Caring Sociology. 2007; Jun، 21(2): 238-46.
1
2- Ricci S S, Kyle T.. Maternity and Pediatric Nursing. China، Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009.
2
3-Ngui E M , Flores G. Satisfaction with care and ease of using health care services among parents of children with special health care needs: the roles of race/ethnicity، insurance، language، and adequacy of family-centered care. Pediatrics. 2006; 117(4): 1184-1196.
3
4-Akbarynia S. Investigation on depression rate in the parents of cerebral palsy children and its correlative factors in rehabilitation day centers of Kermanshah city. Master thesis, Department of rehabilitation management University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science; 2010.
4
5-Khangani M S, Hatamizade N, Hosseini M A, Rahgozar M. Survey of effect of education of care of cerebral palsy children on family caregivers' quality of life. Rehabilitation Journal. 2008; 10(3) :38-42.
5
6-Khayatzadehmahani M. A comparative study about quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy, mental retardation and mothers of normal children. Scientific-Research Journal of Shahed University.2009; 16: 1-10.
6
7-Sajedi F، Alizad V، Malekkhosravi G، Karimlou M, Vameghi R. Depression in mothers of children with cerebral palsy and its relation to severity and type of cerebral Palsy. Acta Medica Iranica. 2010; 48 (4 ): 250-254.
7
8-Samiei S, Parsayekta Z, Mehran A, Masori S. Compare of adaptive behaviors in sisters or brothers ' children with chronic disease with healthy children. Hayat Journal. 2003; 9(1,2): 33-40.
8
9-Sharghi A, Nabaei B, Farrokhi A. Depression in mothers of children with Thalassemia or blood malignancies in pediatric medical center. Iran Journal of Medicine. 2005; 63(7): 599-606.
9
10-Hockenbery M J, Wilson D. Wong’s nursing care of infants and children. 8th ed. Canada، Mosby، Inc; 2007.
10
11-Johnson C P ، Kastner T A. Helping families raise children with special health care needs at home. Pediatrics. 2005; 115(2):507-11.
11
12- The Michigan Developmental Disabilities Council. Family support services in Michigan: family resources and services utilization; 1992.
12
13- Goodmana H، Davison J، Preedy M, Peters E، Waters Ph،Persaud-Rai B، et al. Patient and staff perspective of a nurse-led support program for patients waiting for cardiac surgery: Participant perspective of a cardiac support programme .European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2009; 8 (1): 67–73.
13
14-Almasri N A.(2010). Family needs of parents of children and youth with cerebral palsy determinants and unique profiles. Dissertation: Drexel University، Philadelphia.
14
15-Mobarak، R.، Khan، N.Z.، Muni، S.، Zaman، S. S.& Mc Conachie، H.( 2000). Predictors of stress in mothers of children with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh. Journal Pediatric Psychology، Sep،25(6)، 427-33.
15
16-Resch J A، Mireles G، Benz M R، Grenwelge C، Peterson R, Zhang D. Giving parents a voice: A qualitative study of the challenges experienced by parents of children with disabilities. Rehabilitation Psychology. 2010; 55(2): 139-50.
16
17-Schuengel C ،Rentinck I C M، Stolk J، Voorman J M، Loots G M P، Ketelaar M ،et al. Parents’ reactions to the diagnosis of cerebral palsy: associations between resolution، age and severity of disability. Child: care، health and development. 2009; 35( 5)، 673–680.
17
18-McManus V، Michelsen S I، Parkinson K، Colve A، Beckung E، Pez O, Caravale B. Discussion groups with parents of children with cerebral palsy in Europe designed to assist development of a relevant measure of environment. Child Care Health Development. 2006; 32(2): 185-92.
18
19-Brehaut J C، Kohen D E ، Raina P، Walter S D، Russell D J، Swinton M، et al. The health of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: how does it compare with that of other Canadian caregivers? Pediatrics. 2004; 114(2): 182-91.
19
20-Mendenhall A N, Mount K. Parents of children with mental illness: Exploring the caregiver experience and caregiver-focused interventions. Families in society. The Journal of Contemporary Social Services Alliance for Children and Families. 2011; 92 ( 2): 183–190.
20
21-ELO S, Kyngas H. The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2008; 62(1): 107–115.
21
22-Polit، D. F.، & Beck، C. T. (2006). Essentials of nursing research methods، appraisal and utilization. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
22
23-Yonesizadeh. Chairman of the rights of Iranian disabled persons Association, laws of support for disable persons don't have sanction. Jamejam Newspaper. 2011; 20 Feb ( 1 esfand): 7 .
23
24- Proportion of fuel charge for disabled persons, interview with yahya sokhangoe , rehabilitation assistant of welfare organization. Jameeh Hamshahri Newspaper. 2012; 12 Novomber( 21 Aban): 21.
24
25-Graungaard A H, Skov L, Andersen J S. Becoming a client of the Danish social service system increases stress in parents of disabled infants. Danish Medical Bultetin. 2011; 58(6) :1-5.
25
26-Carduff E, Finucane A, Kendall M, Jarvis A, Nadine, Greenacre J, Murray S A. Understanding the barriers Harrison to identifying carers of people with advanced illness in primary care: Triangulating three data sources.. BMC Family Practice, 2014; 15 :48. From: http://www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2296/15/48.
26
27-Negarande R, Oskoui S F, Ahmadi F, Nikravesh M .Facilitators and barriers factors for support of patients in experiences of nurses. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2005; 12(47): 175-186.
27
28-Khankeh H R, Mohammadi R, Ahmadi F. Facilitators and barriers factors for health services during disasters events. Rehabilitation Journal. 2005; 6(1): 23-30.
28
29-Mosavi Chalak, S H.(2013, December 4) .obstacles of presence of Handicapped persons in society. Jameeh Newspaper, p.14.
29
30-Movaghari Sadatmahale M R , Amir Hosseini M , Movaghari R, Rahimi Sh. Perspective of clinical nurses about their role barriers. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2013; 8(29): 26-36.
30
31-Eskandari M, Abbaszadeh A, Borhani F. Changing care: New challenge in health care process in rural society according to health care providers' experience. Journal of health promotion management. 2012; 1(2): 66-74.
31
32-Kruzich J M, Jivanjee P, Robinson A, Friesen Barbara J. Family caregivers' perceptions of barriers to and supports of participation in their children’s out-of-home treatment. Psychiatric Services. 2003; 54(11) : 1513-1518. From: http://ps.psychiatryonline.org .
32
33-Vasli P , Salsali M , Tatarpoor P. Perspectives of nurses on barriers of parental participation in pediatric care: A qualitative study. Hayat Journal. 2012; 18(2): 22-32 .
33
34-Reagin A E. Strengthening health care for children: Primary care and the medical home. 2009. From http://www.businessgrouphealth.org.
34
35-White CL, Korner-Bitensky N, Rodrigue N, Rosmus C, Sourial R, Lambert S, Wood-Dauphinee S. Barriers and facilitators to caring for individuals with stroke in the community: The family's experience. Canadian Journal Neuroscience Nursing. 2007; 29(2):5-12.
35
36-Radfar M, Ahmadi F L, Fallahi khoshknab M. Family: The main shelter of depression patients . Rehabilitation. Spring. 2013; 14 ( 1): 108-118.
36
37-Mohammady Shahbalagy F, Dabbaghi F, Yadavar Nikravesh M. Facilitator and barrier factors in family caregiving process of Iranian frail elderly: A qualitative study. Iran Journal of Nursing (IJN). 2008; 21(55): 55-65.
37
38-Pouladi Sh, Anoosheh M, Kazemnejad A, Zareiyan A. Factors limiting families in elderly care: A thematic analysis. Journal of Qualitative Research Health Science. 2013; 2(2): 146-57.
38
39-Burkhard A . A Different Life: Caring for adolescent or young adult with severe cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2013; 28: 357–363.
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Medication Errors Experiences of Nurses who Working in Hospitals of Isfahan at 1391
Introduction: Patient safety has long been a major concern for healthcare professionals. Today, hospitals
should provide patient safety in order to gain accreditation. Among patient safety issues, medication error
rate has been considered as a major indicator of healthcare quality. The different aspects of medication
error are not clearly known and the nurses are the main source of knowledge in this field. Therefore, the
researcher decided to study the experiences of nurses who have been faced with a medication error in
order to clarify the various aspects of this phenomenon. It is through the exact identification of this
phenomenon that it can be managed.
Method: In the present study, a phenomenological qualitative approach was used. Participants in this
study were nurses working in hospitals of Isfahan and had experienced medication error. Purposive
sampling was adopted in the study and sample size was dependent on the data saturation. A total of 10
participants were chosen. Data collection was carried out through unstructured interviews and analysis
through Colaizzi’s Method.
Results: From the findings of this study, six main themes expressing participants’ experiences emerged.
The six main themes include: The context of error, the error range, negligence, the consequence of error,
concealment of error, and reporting of error.
Conclusion: Nurses report their errors when they feel safe and do not see harmful results for them.
Therefore, hospitals should review their policies on error reporting to ensure they actively encourage
nurses to report medication errors, and to support a blame-free culture in the organization and a systembased
approach to deal with the error.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90761_c105995a17cada632a54a607bff85778.pdf
2014-01-01
310
319
Nurses’ medication errors
Nurses’ experiences
patient safety
qualitative research
sedigheh
farzi
farzis24@gmail.com
1
www.mui.ac.ir
AUTHOR
Heidar Ali
Abedi
2
www.khuisf.ac.ir
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arash
Ghodousi
3
www.khuisf.ac.ir
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Yazdannik
4
www.mui.ac.ir
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Barriers and Incentives of Self-care from the View of Diabetic Patients and their Service Providers Using the Social Marketing Model in Ardakan, Iran
Introduction: Diabetes is the most common disease worldwide. The complications of diabetes cause economic damages and decrease patients' and their families' quality of life. Self-care is an important process in diabetes control. On the other hand, maintaining the blood glucose level at a favorable level is challenging for both the patients and the physician. This is due to systemic and individual barriers of diabetes self-care. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the barriers and incentives for self-care. Method: The present study was conducted as a qualitative study with focus group discussion (FGD) (3 sessions for patients and 3 sessions for health care providers separately). Private interviews were conducted with 25 patients and 5 health care providers until data saturation. The interviews and FGDs were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis method. Results: In analyzing the data, two main themes including barriers and incentives for self-care from the view of patients and health care providers were extracted. Based on the social marketing model, these themes were divided into four subthemes of product, place, price, and promotion. The study subjects specified the different causes of performing or not performing self-care in different areas such as exercise, nutrition, regular medical exams, and appropriate medicine use. The cost and availability of some services, physical barriers and their limitations, nonscientific health care delivery, unsuitable health care services for diabetic patients, and lack of health care packages and guidelines were reported as barriers. Moreover, successful experiences of patients and health care providers, and providing self-care facilities were reported as incentives. Conclusion: Market analysis in diabetes self-care showed that comprehensive and systematic programs for diabetic patient care, management protocol for physicians and specialists, and nutritional recommendation, traditional medicine, and exercise are more beneficial when coordinated with economic power, environmental factors, and beliefs of diabetic patients and literacy promotion
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91076_b8a2913f26313a182c2562d325cf9b7a.pdf
2014-01-01
317
330
Diabetes
Social Marketing
Self-care
Barriers and incentives
qualitative research
Abbas ali
Dehkani tafti
aadtafti@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Seyd Saed
Mazlomi
mazloomy_s@yahoo.com
2
AUTHOR
Mohamad ali
Morovati Sarf abad
morowatisharif@yahoo.com
3
AUTHOR
Hasan
Rezaei Pandari
hrezaeipandari@yahoo.com
4
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. World Health Organization. Prevalence of Diabetes in the Who Eastern Mediterranean Region: Diabetes Programmer. Available From: http://www.who.int/diabetes/facts/world_figures/en/index2.html.Accessed nov 19, 2012.
1
2-Koo M, Lee MH, Chang Y, Huang CF, Chen SC, Yeh YC. Factors associated with self care behaviors in middle aged adults and elderly with diabetes mellitus. Hu Li Za Zhi.2011;58(5):43-52
2
3- Bell RA, Arcury TA, Snively BM, et al. Diabetes Foot Self-care Practices in a Rural Triethnic Population. Diabetes Educ 2005;31(1):75-83.
3
4. Majra JP, Acharia D. Awareness Regarding Self- care among Diabetics in Rural India. East J Fam Med 2009;7(6).Available From: http://www.Mejfm.com. Accessed July 11, 2009.
4
5. Mody R, Kalsekar I, Kavookjian J, Lyer S, Rajagopalan R, Pawar V. Economic Impact of Cardiovascular Co-morbidity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2007;21(2):75-83.
5
6. Delavari A, Mahdavi Hazaveh A, Norozinejad A, Yarahmadi SH. National Diabetes Prevention and Control Program.2nd ed. Seda; 2004. p. 1. [Text in Persian]
6
7. Jordan DN, Jordan JL. Self-care Behavior of Filipino-American Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J DiabetesComplications 2010;24(4):250-8.
7
8. Shakibazadeh E, Rashidian A, Larijani B, Shojaeezadeh D, Forouzanfar MH, Karimi Shahanjarini A. Perceived Barriers and Self-Efficacy: Impact on Self-care Behaviors in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Faculty of Nursing andMidwifery. Hayat 2009;15(4):69-78. [Full Text in Persian]
8
9-Landim CA, Zanetti ML, Santos MA,Andrade TA, Teixeira CR. Self-care competence in the case of Brazilian patients with diabetes mellitus in a multiprofessional educational rogramme. J Clin Nurs.2011;20(23-24):3394-3403
9
10- Baquedano IR, Dos Santos MA, Martins TA,Zanetti ML. Self-care of patients with diabetes mellitus cared for at an emergency service in Mexico. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2010;18(6):1195-1202.
10
11-Mensing, J, Boucher, M, Cypress, K, Weinger,K. Mulcahy, P. Barta, G. et al. National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(Suppl 1):s96-s103
11
12-Simmons D, Weblemoe T, Voyle J, Prichard A,Leakehe L, Gatland B. Personal Barriers to Diabetes Care: Lessons from a Multi- ethnic Community in New Zealand. Diabet Med1998; 15:958-64
12
13.Birkinshaw M. Social marketing for health: World Health Organization; 1989. Available from: http://who.int. Accessed Jun 3, 2012.
13
14. Andreasen, Alan R. . Marketing Social Change: Changing Behavior to Promote Health, Social Development, and the Enviroment. San Ferancisco: jossey-Bass. 1995
14
15. Evans WD. How social marketing works in health care. BMJ: British Medical Journal. 2006;332(7551):1207
15
16. Rafiifar S, MoazzenJami MH, Rezaeimirqaed O, Motlagh ME, Majdi MR, et al. The Design programs models in health promotion: planning, implementation and evaluation of health promotion programs. 1end. Tehran : mehravash;2010.p67-73..
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17. Helen G,Sterabert A,Dona, k ; Qualitative research in Nursing;Translated Kachian A, shokati M , mohammadi E,Iran , Tehran ,Gamenagar publishing , 2011.
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18.Hsieh H,Shannon S.Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitatve Health Research, 2005;15(9):1277-88
18
19. Coonrod B. Overcoming Physical Barriers to Diabetes Self-Care: Reframing Disability as an Opportunity for Ingenuity. Diabetes Spectrum 2001; 14(1):28-32.
19
20. Anbari KH , Ghanadi K , Kaviani M , Montazeri R .The self care and its related factors in diabetic patients of khorramabad city J. Yaftteh 2012;54(4):49-58
20
21. Huisman S, de Gucht V, Maes S, Schroevers M, Chatrou M, Haak H. Self-regulation and
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weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot intervention study. Patient Educ Couns. 2009;75(1):84-90.
22
22. Bezie Y, Molina M, Hemandei N, Batista R,Niang S, Huet D. Therapeutic compliance: a
23
prospective analysis of various factors involved in the adherence rate in type 2 diabetics. Diabetes and Metabolism. 2006;32:611-616.
24
23.Mardani Hamolla M, Sharaki A. The effect of education based on health belief model of adherence to the diet ; Journal of diabetes and lipid .2009;9(3),268-275
25
24. Pendsey Sh. Practical management of diabetes. Delhi: Jaypee brothers.2002
26
25. . Parsian N, Dunning T. Spirituality and coping in young adults with diabetes. Diabetes Res clinic Prac 2008; 79: SI- SI27.
27
26. Akyol AD , Cetin kaya Y, Bakan G, Yarah S,Akkus S .Self –Care agency and factors related to this agency among patient with hyper tension .J Clin Nursing 2007;16(4):679-87.
28
27. Morowatisharifabad M, Tonekaboni N. Perceived self-efficacy in self-care behaviors among diabetic patients referring to Yazd diabetes research Center. Journal of Brigand University of Medical Sciences 2008; 15(4):91-101 .[In Persian]
29
28. Karimy M, Montazeri A, Araban M. The effect of an educational program based on health belief model on the empowerment of rural women in prevention of brucellosis. Arak Medical University Journal (AMUJ) 2012; 14(4, Supp 2): 1-9. [In Persian]
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29. Rezaee N, Tahbaz F, Kimiagar M, Alavimajd H. The effect of educational program nutrition on control metabolic and knowledge, attitude, practice in diabetic’s patients by type 1 in Aligodarz province. Scientific and Research Seasonal Journal (Feyz) 2004; 8: 36-42 [Article in persian]
31
30. Bakhtari A, Determine and compare the life style of students in Tehran University. Master of Science Degree in Health Education. Tehran University of medical science .2004.23. 55 /
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31. Farmer A, Wade AN, French DP, Simon J ,Yudkin P, Gray A, et al. Blood glucose self-monitoring in type 2 diabetes:a randomized control trail. Health Technol Assess. 2009;13(15):41-50.
33
32. Polzer RL. and Miles MS. Spirituality in African Americans with diabetes: self-management through a relationship with God. Qual Health Res 2007; 17: 176-188.
34
33. Hemmati Maslak pak M 1, Ahmadi F, Anoosheh M. Spiritual beliefs and quality of life: A ualitative research about diabetic adolescent girls' perception .Journal Koomesh. Winter 2011, 12 (2):
35
[In Persian]
36
34. Meisenhelder JB & Chandler EM. Pray and health outcomes in church lay leaders. Western J Nurs Res 2000; 22: 706-716.
37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Meta-synthesis of qualitative research in nursing: a literature review
Introduction: There has been an accumulation of qualitative studies in nursing, but the findings from
many of these investigations have remained largely obscure, and they have had little impact on clinical
practice and policy formation. As pressure increased toward ensuring an evidence-based practice across
diverse contexts and disciplines and as the finding of any qualitative research will reflect a piece of the
health and disease aspects, being familiar with meta-synthesis in nursing research is very important. This
paper discusses the purpose, stages, application, and challenges of meta-synthesis, and strategies for their
solution.
Method: This review article was carried out by non-time-limited search literatures related to “metasynthesis
and nursing” keywords using PubMed, CINAHL, Proquest, Blackwell, Science Direct, SID, and
Magiran databases. Finally, 57 articles were included in the range of 1984 to 2012.
Results: Meta-synthesis is integrations that offer more than the sum of the individual data sets because
they provide new interpretations of the findings. These interpretations are inferences derived from
examining all of the articles in a sample as a collective group, presenting findings/interpretations which
are not found in any of the articles. Despite existing different approaches to meta-synthesis, evidence
synthesis mechanisms are not well suited to consideration of qualitative research. Moreover, qualitative
meta-synthesis should not be undertaken by novices. Meta-synthesis can help nurses understand the
meaning of relative phenomena and clinical decision making regarding evidence-based practice.
Conclusion: The future of meta-synthesis depends on its acceptance and utility in the evidence-based
nursing practice. If the results of meta-synthesis provide evidences for the clinical nursing, nursing
researchers will embrace this approach more.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90762_6f24d57fbc038afa881c431079354973.pdf
2014-01-01
320
335
Meta-synthesis
Evidence-based practice
qualitative research
Nursing
Fereshteh
Najafi
n_fereshteh2001@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Fatemah
Monjazebi
fmonjazebi@gmail.com
2
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nasrin
Nikpeyma
nikpeyma@yahoo.com
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Causal Conditions of Adolescent Girls' Tendency toward Physical Activities
Introduction: The success of establishing regular physical activity lies in the way these activities are built into a person's daily life. This study was designed to explore the causal conditions of adolescent girls' tendency toward physical activities. Method: A qualitative study was conducted by means of semi-structured interviews with 25 participants (16 adolescents, 7 mothers, and 2 fathers). The interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The theme of "the pursuit of excellence" with subthemes of "the need for physical health, psychological health, foresight, progress seeking, and desire for superiority and fitness" emerged as causal conditions of adolescent girls' tendency toward physical activities. Conclusion: In the present study, adolescent girls seeking progress and excellence turned to physical activities. Through a better understanding of the casual conditions of adolescent girls' tendency toward physical activities, we can provide the appropriate context for the formation of exercising habit, and as a result, human health promotion
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91077_cccdd63a135d442053e8c7c469894653.pdf
2014-01-01
331
339
Physical activities
Adolescent girls
Causal conditions
content analysis
Seyed Vahide
Hosseini
hosseini_sv@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Monireh
Anoosheh
anoosheh@modares.ac.ir
2
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas
Abbaszadeh
aabaszadeh@hotmail.com
3
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Ehsani
ehsani@modares.ac.ir
4
AUTHOR
1. Li GS-F, Lu FJH, Wang AH-H. Exploring The Relationships of physical Activity, Emotional Intelligence and Health in Taiwan College Students. J Exerc Sci Fit 2009; 7( 1): 55–63.
1
2. Sisson SB, Katzmarzyk PT. International prevalence of physical activity in youth and adults. Obes Rev 2008;9: 606–614.
2
3. World Health Organization, 2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases. Printed by the WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland
3
4. World Health Organization. Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks .Geneva, World Health Organization 2009.
4
5. World health organization. Physical Inactivity: A Global Public Health Problem. [Online]. 2011. Available from: URL:http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_inactivity/en/index.html.
5
6. Jackson WR. Environmental Influences on Self reported Leisure-time Physical Activity in the AUSTIN/TRAVIS County Steps Survey 2005-2009. Presented to the Faculty of The University of Texas School of Public Health in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Public Health, August, 2010.
6
7. Allender S, Cowburn G, Foster C. Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: a review of qualitative studies. Health Educ Res 2006; 21(6): 826-35.
7
8. World Health Organization. Chronic diseases and health promotion. Switzerland: WHO Press [Online]. 2006. Available from: Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/chronic disease report/part1/en/index3.html
8
9. Brown H, Hume C, ChinAPaw M. Validity and reliability of instruments to assess potential mediators of children’s physical activity: A systematic review. J of Science and Medicine in Sport 2009;12 : 539–548.
9
10. Choi WS, Ellerbeck EF, Kaur H, Nazir N, and Ahluwalia JS. Factors Associated with Physician Discussion of Health Behaviors with Adolescents. J of Youth and Adolescence 2006; 35(6): 969–975.
10
11. Dugdill L, Cron D, Murphy R. Physical activity & health promotion: Evidenced-based approaches to practice. Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.
11
12. World Health Organization. 10 facts on adolescent health.Cited 2008 Sep 29.Available from: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/adolescent_health/en/
12
13. Iran statistical centre of Iran, Iran statistical yearbook 2011, [Online]. 2011. Available from: URL:http://salnameh.sci.org.ir/TableShow/printversion.aspx
13
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role of Patients in Induced Demand from Experts’ Perception:A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Induced demand utilizes the advantage of higher information in respect to patients and too
much care is presented with suspicious value. Therefore, the theory of induced demand is based on the
assumption of asymmetric information between physician and patient. The patients do not have sufficient
expertise to assess the level and quality of provided services. They rarely know what and how much
medical care they need. In fact, due to some reasons, patients can influence the demand induction. They
have unlimited wishes and desires in respect to the offered services. This article examines the role of the
patient in the phenomenon of induced demand with the use of the experiences of experts of Isfahan
University Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Method: The present research was a qualitative study. Semi-structured interview was used for data
generation. Participants in this study were people who had been informed in this regard, were experienced,
and were known as experts. Purposive sampling was done for data saturation. 17 people were interviewed
and criteria such as "reliability of information" and "stability" of data were considered. The anonymity of
the interviewees was preserved. The data were transcribed, categorized, and then used the thematic
analysis.
Results: In this study, according to thematic analysis 5 main themes and 7 sub-themes were extracted.
They include the experiences of experts about the role of patients in induced demand. The 5 main themes
include incorrect demand of patient from the physician, patients’ excessive trust in the physician, patient's
desire to use much more free services and without copayment, patient’s unawareness, and free access to
physicians. Each of these themes includes some sub-themes.
Conclusion: The results of this study on the role of patients in induced demand help the policy makers to
consider patients and related factors in their strategic planning in induced demand.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90763_77437a7037be483974b2efc39b89debb.pdf
2014-01-01
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345
Induced demand
Healthcare
patients
Elahe
Khorasani
khorasani.elahe@yahoo.com
1
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Saeed
Karimi
2
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Marzie
Jafarian Jazi
3
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Trend of Hookah Use among Adolescents and Youth: A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Recently, there has been an increasing trend in hookah use. If this trend continues, morbidity and mortality due to smoking will increase dramatically. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the causes of the increasing trend in hookah use in adolescents and youth living in Bushehr, Iran. Method: This qualitative study was performed using qualitative content analysis. The research environment consisted of all public areas and the research population was comprised of all children and youth in Bushehr. The 12 participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews. After gaining the consent of the participants, the interviews were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of the 5 main themes of "the influence of culture, media preparation, sensory appeal, mistaken belief, and difficulty of quitting". Hookah use among family and friends, lack of enforcement of laws prohibiting public consumption, lack of awareness and the mistaken belief that it is less harmful than cigarettes, the pleasant fruity smell and taste, not having any alternative healthy pastimes, and social pressure were the most common reasons for the increasing trend of hookah use in Bushehr. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for authorities to view this issue as an important dilemma, and to plan to reduce hookah use and solve this problem using effective methods to educate and inform people
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91078_6fb2f8815baf0030cee5c0301114664d.pdf
2014-01-01
340
348
hookah
Teens
Young
qualitative research
Tobacco
faezeh
jahanpour
f.jahanpour@bpums.ac.ir
1
bushehr university of medical sciences
AUTHOR
hakimeh
vahedparast
f.jahanpour@yahoo.com
2
bushehr university of medical sciences
LEAD_AUTHOR
maryam
ravanipour
mravan2002@yahoo.com
3
bushehr university of medical sciences
AUTHOR
parviz
azodi
azodi.parviz@gmail.com
4
bushehr university of medical sciences
AUTHOR
1. Roskin J, Aveyard P. Canadian and English students' beliefs about waterpipe smoking: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):10.
1
2. Noonan D, Kulbok PA. New tobacco trends: waterpipe (hookah) smoking and implications for healthcare providers. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 2009;21(5):258-60.
2
3. Erbaydar NP, Bilir N, Yildiz AN. Knowledge, behaviors and health hazard perception among Turkish narghile (waterpipe)-smokers related to narghile smoking. Pak J Med Sci. 2010;26:195-200.
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4. Beaglehole R, Bonita R. Global public health: a scorecard. The Lancet. 2008;372(9654):1988-96.
4
5. Taha AZ, Sabra AA, Al-Mustafa ZZ, Al-Awami HR, Al-Khalaf MA, Al-Momen MM. Water pipe (shisha) smoking among male students of medical colleges in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Annals of Saudi medicine. 2010;30(3):222.
5
6. Maziak W. The global epidemic of waterpipe smoking. Addictive behaviors. 2011;36(1):1-5.
6
7. Anjum Q, Ahmed F, Ashfaq T. Knowledge, attitude and perception of water pipe smoking (Shisha) among adolescents aged 14-19 years. JPMA The journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2008;58(6):312.
7
8. Poyrazoglu S, Sarli S, Gencer Z, Günay O. Waterpipe (narghile) smoking among medical and non-medical university students in Turkey. Upsala journal of medical sciences. 2010;115(3):210-6.
8
9. Salameh P, Waked M, Aoun Z. Waterpipe smoking: construction and validation of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11). Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2008;10(1):149-58.
9
10. Almerie M, Matar H, Salam M, Morad A, Abdulaal M, Koudsi A, et al. Cigarettes & waterpipe smoking among medical students in Syria: a cross-sectional study. The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease: the official journal of the International :union: against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 2008;12(9):1085.
10
11. momenan A SZ, Etemadi A, azizi F, . Pattern of Waterpipe using in Adolescence in Tehran. Paiesh. 1386;2:134-5.
11
12. Creswell JW. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches: Sage Publications, Incorporated; 2013.
12
13. Corbin J, Strauss A. Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory: Sage; 2008.
13
14. Joe S, Canetto SS, Romer D. Advancing prevention research on the role of culture in suicide prevention. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior. 2008;38(3):354-62.
14
15. Ahmadi nk. Relationship between Religious beliefs and Cultural Vulnerability in the family. Journal of Behaivoral Sciences. 1386;1:7-16.
15
16. Yang LH, Kleinman A, Link BG, Phelan JC, Lee S, Good B. Culture and stigma: adding moral experience to stigma theory. Social Science & Medicine. 2007;64(7):1524-35.
16
17. Azab M, Khabour OF, Alkaraki AK, Eissenberg T, Alzoubi KH, Primack BA. Water pipe tobacco smoking among university students in Jordan. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2010;12(6):606-12.
17
18. Khor PY, Harun N, Ishak F, Anuar NAIM, Karim NA, Azman A, et al. Contributory factors to the smoking of shisha among teenagers in the Perak City of Ipoh: A Preliminary qualitative survey. International Journal of Public Health Research. 2012;2(1):80-4.
18
19. Combrink A, Irwin N, Laudin G, Naidoo K, Plagerson S, Mathee A. High prevalence of hookah smoking among secondary school students in a disadvantaged community in Johannesburg. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal. 2010;100(5):297-9.
19
20. Vanderhoek AJ, Hammal F, Chappell A, Wild TC, Raupach T, Finegan BA. Future physicians and tobacco: an online survey of the habits, beliefs and knowledge base of medical students at a Canadian University. Tobacco induced diseases. 2013;11(1):9.
20
21. Shihadeh A, Azar S, Antonios C, Haddad A. Towards a topographical model of narghile water-pipe café smoking: a pilot study in a high socioeconomic status neighborhood of Beirut, Lebanon. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 2004;79(1):75-82.
21
22. Aljarrah K, Ababneh ZQ, Al-Delaimy WK. Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2009;5(1):16.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Perceived Feelings of AIDS Patients toward their Illness and its Stigmatization
Introduction: The recognition of effective factors associated with HIV stigma and designing of effective
interventions are the key to success of AIDS prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine the
views of AIDS patients on their illness and the stigma associated with it.
Method: Due to the limited number of patients, 17 patients, who were referred to a behavioral health
counselling center in 2012, were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed based
on a content analysis analysis of themes.
Results: The main themes emerged within the patient’s perceived feeling toward the disease include spiritual
orientation, and relating the disease to other factors and the sense of inability. The main themes of social
stigma associated with the disease include the perceived internal emotions (feelings of hopelessness, and
rejection and separation) and the perceived external emotions of patients (feelings of disgust and blame).
Conclusion: The perceived emotions of AIDS patients express the threatening nature of the disease. The
disease has strengthened their spiritual dimension and has caused them to reconsider their worship rituals
by reflection on and returning to their values. The patients' perceived awareness of the stigmatization of
the disease reflects the fact that these patients not only struggle with adverse health outcomes, but also
face the consequences of the stigmatization of this disease. This is to the extent that the mental and social
health of these patients is targeted. Therefore, further investigation of these misperceptions about the
disease, and the development of training programs for the public, especially the patient’s relatives and
friends, and integration of these programs with educational programs seem necessary to promote
preventive behaviors.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90764_747f1444e04a28c73669191b97173d62.pdf
2014-01-01
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357
Feelings
AIDS patients
Stigma
Abdorrahim
Tabasi Darmiyan
tabasidarmiyan@gmail.com
1
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Ira
AUTHOR
Iraj
Zareban
zareban@yahoo.com
2
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Ira
LEAD_AUTHOR
GHolamreza
Masuodi
masoudy55@yahoo.com
3
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Ira
AUTHOR
, Mahnaz
SHahrakipour
shahrakipoor@gmail.com
4
Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Ira
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sources of Women's Health Information: A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Equipping individuals with adequate knowledge on health can lead to optimal health outcomes. Scientific reports indicate clients' challenges in trusting and accessing formal health information sources. This study was designed to determine the sources of Iranian women's health information. Method: Study samples were selected through purposive sampling and with regarding to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 women and using documentation and field notes until data saturation. Data were analyzed continuously and simultaneous with data collection using qualitative content analysis. Results: The 5 central themes of health care professionals, social networks (with 2 sub-categories of peers and social interactions), culture and religion (with 3 sub-categories of religious teachings, traditional medicine information, and experiences of elders and seniors), mass media (with 3 sub-categories of electronic media, print media, and internet), and self-referencing (with 2 sub-categories of self-discovery-intuition and prior experiences) emerged from data analysis. Conclusion: These findings highlighted the need for respecting the cultural and religious beliefs of a community, and also emphasized on clients' seeking rights, information needs, and empowerment in employment of formal and informal sources.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91079_afecd9dfa523037b90cfba349c1258d9.pdf
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349
362
Women
Sources
Health information Seeking
Sakineh
Sabzevari
s_sabzevari@kmu.ac.ir
1
Kerman university of medical scienses
AUTHOR
Alireza
Nikbakht Nasrabadi
nikbakht@tums.ac.ir
2
Tehran university of medical sciences
AUTHOR
Tayebeh
Negahban Bonabi
negahbant@yahoo.con
3
Kerman university of medical sciences
LEAD_AUTHOR
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secondary stroke self-care among underserved ethnic minority individuals: a randomized clinical trial of a
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Death Concept from Academicians´ Point Of View: A Qualitative Research
Introduction: No doubt death and life after death and human attitude is considered as one of the main
subjects in all religions. This study is aimed to determine the concept of death from academicians´ point of
view.
Method: This qualitative study was performed through content analysis method, and the data were
collected through interviews. Sampling was conducted through purposeful sampling method. 21
individuals were interviewed in Arak University of Medical Sciences for 2 months. Constant comparative
analysis was utilized for data analysis.
Results: Data analysis has shown that six main codes were identified certain reality, cognition, necessity,
anxiety, death memory, and death quality. In this study the theme of “Death as a spiritual and positive
point of view originated from participants’ belief in resurrection” emerged.
Conclusion: In this study the persons’ views about death, which originated from their belief in
resurrection, were positive and spiritual. From participants’ point of view death is a stage in the evolution
of mankind. Thinking of death prevents humans from committing sin and has a main role in human
maturity.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90765_6ca10df3e37250d332c5c0ff60c9026a.pdf
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365
qualitative research
Death
Academician
Point of view
Concept
Bahman
tavan
tavan@arakmu.ac.ir
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
farzaneh
jahani
jahani@arakmu.ac.ir
2
AUTHOR
Davood
Hekmatpou
dr_hekmat@arakmu.ac.ir
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Analysis of Nurses Ethical Behavior toward Persons Accompanying a Patient Based on the Theory of Virtue Ethics
Introduction: Since the concepts of ethics and morality are deeply rooted in professional nursing, upholding such concepts in this sensitive profession would not simply be achieved by developing new codes of ethics. Thus, descriptive researches in different fields capable of exploring latent ethical aspects of the relevant field are deemed essential. Therefore, the main objective of the current research is to explore and identify the ethical components of nurses' behavior towards the persons accompanying the patients at public hospitals of Mashhad, Iran. Method: The current paper is a descriptive research drawing upon the strategy of content analysis. Semi-structured deep interviews were used to collect data, and in order to analyze the collected data, descriptive content analysis was employed. the research population included all the exemplar nurses at public hospitals in Mashhad. The study samples consisted of 14 nurses. Results: The 4 main themes of respect for persons accompanying a patient, informational support, magnanimity, and empathy, and 13 sub-categories emerged from data analysis. Conclusion: As revealed by the findings, virtuous nurses not only felt responsible for the patients, but also for persons accompanying them and their relatives. These nurses had done all in their power to understand the gravity of their situation and console them, and offer them counsel in order to pull through this stressful phase. Moreover, magnanimity towards the persons accompanying the patient was a component, abstracted in this research, which illustrated the virtuous spirit of the nurses.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91080_a332e4fab6774adf5388ce5c72ef311d.pdf
2014-01-01
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376
Ethics
Ethical behavior
Nurses behavior with the persons accompanying a patient
Theory of virtue ethics
zahra
nikkhah farkhani
znikkhah64@gmail.com
1
ferdowci university of mashhad
LEAD_AUTHOR
fariborz
rahimniya
2
ferdowci university of mashhad
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Kazemi
3
ferdowci university of mashhad
AUTHOR
Ali
Shirazi
4
ferdowci university of mashhad
AUTHOR
1. Smith, K.V. and N.S. Godfrey, Being a good nurse and doing the right thing: a qualitative study. Nursing Ethics, 2002. 9(3): p. 301-312.
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2. Crall, J., Ethical Behavior of Supervisors: Effects on Supervisee Experiences and Behavior. 2011.
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6. Savage, J.S. and J.O. Favret, Nursing students’ perceptions of ethical behavior in undergraduate nursing faculty. Nurse Education in Practice, 2006. 6(1): p. 47-54.
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7. Torabizadeh, C., et al., Incongruent Perceptions Among Nurses and Patients: A Qualitative Study of Patient's Dignity in Iran. Ethics & Behavior, 2013. 23(6): p. 489-500.
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8. Bertland, A., Virtue ethics in business and the capabilities approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 2009. 84(1): p. 25-32.
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9. McLaughlin, B.P., Supervenience. Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, 2006.
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10. Lyons, D., MILL'S UTILITARIANISM: MILLS UTILITARIANISM. 1997: Rowman & Littlefield.
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11. Smit, T., comperhensive ethical thory, comperhensive papare presenred in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree doctor of philosophy, capella university. 2005.
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14. Gillon, R., Deceit, principles and philosophical medical ethics. Journal of Medical Ethics, 1990. 16(2): p. 59.
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18. Cannaerts, N., C. Gastmans, and B.D. de Casterlé, Contribution of ethics education to the ethical competence of nursing students Educators’ and students’ perceptions. Nursing Ethics, 2014: p. 0969733014523166.
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19. Schroeter, K., Ethics in properrative practice: principles and application. AORN J, 2002. 75(5): p. 941-949.
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20. Ware, J.E., A. Davies-Avery, and A.L. Stewart, The measurement and meaning of patient satisfaction: a review of the literature. 1977, Rand Corporation.
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21. Wen, K.-Y. and D.H. Gustafson, Needs assessment for cancer patients and their families. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2004. 2(1): p. 11.
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22. Fry, M., et al., Nurses’ experiences and expectations of family and carers of older patients in the emergency department. International emergency nursing, 2014. 22(1): p. 31-36.
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23. Mead, N. and P. Bower, Patient-centred consultations and outcomes in primary care: a review of the literature. Patient education and counseling, 2002. 48(1): p. 51-61.
23
24. Speziale, H.S., H.J. Streubert, and D.R. Carpenter, Qualitative research in nursing: Advancing the humanistic imperative. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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25. Morse, J.M., et al., Verification strategies for establishing reliability and validity in qualitative research. International journal of qualitative methods, 2002. 1(2).
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26. Sarasvathy, D., H.A. Simon, and L. Lave, Perceiving and managing business risks: Differences between entrepreneurs and bankers. Journal of economic behavior & organization, 1998. 33(2): p. 207-225.
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27. Hsieh, H.-F. and S.E. Shannon, Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative health research, 2005. 15(9): p. 1277-1288.
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28. Golafshani, N., Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The qualitative report, 2003. 8(4): p. 597-607.
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29. Tinsley, H.E. and D.J. Weiss, Interrater reliability and agreement of subjective judgments. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1975. 22(4): p. 358.
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30. Kolbe, R.H. and M.S. Burnett, Content-analysis research: An examination of applications with directives for improving research reliability and objectivity. Journal of consumer research, 1991.
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31. Mira, J.J., et al., Predictors of patient satisfaction in surgery. Surgery, 2009. 145(5): p. 536-541.
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32. Pasco, A.C.Y., J.M. Morse, and J.K. Olson, Cross‐Cultural Relationships Between Nurses and Filipino Canadian Patients. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2004. 36(3): p. 239-246.
32
33. Gajic, O., et al., Effect of 24-hour mandatory versus on-demand critical care specialist presence on quality of care and family and provider satisfaction in the intensive care unit of a teaching hospital*. Critical care medicine, 2008. 36(1): p. 36-44.
33
34. Bernstein, L., Family-centered care of the critically III neurologic patient. Critical care nursing clinics of North America, 1990. 2(1): p. 41-50.
34
35. Heyland, D.K., et al., Family satisfaction with care in the intensive care unit: Results of a multiple center study*. Critical care medicine, 2002. 30(7): p. 1413-1418.
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36. Solomon, R.C. and M.C. Murphy, What is justice?: classic and contemporary readings. 2000.
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37. Lindemann, H., The patient in the family: An ethics of medicine and families. 1995.
37
38. Damiano, M. and J. Hutter Jr, Immune tolerance for haemophilia patients with inhibitors: analysis of the western United States experience. The Tri-Regional Nursing Group. Haemophilia: the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia, 2000. 6(5): p. 526-532.
38
39. Sarajärvi, A., M.L. Haapamäki, and E. Paavilainen, Emotional and informational support for families during their child’s illness. International Nursing Review, 2006. 53(3): p. 205-210.
39
40. Heh, S.S. and Y.Y. Fu, Effectiveness of informational support in reducing the severity of postnatal depression in Taiwan. Journal of advanced nursing, 2003. 42(1): p. 30-36.
40
41. Toljamo, M. and M. Hentinen, Adherence to self‐care and social support. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2001. 10(5): p. 618-627.
41
42. Mattila, E., et al., The method of nursing support in hospital and patients' and family members' experiences of the effectiveness of the support. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 2013.
42
43. Davies, K., Predictors of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout in paediatric nurses. 2013, University of Southampton.
43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spirituality in Cancer Care: A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Spirituality is an important aspect of health care that has been proposed in nursing over the
past decades. It is recommended as an inseparable component of holistic nursing. This study aims to
explore the nurses’ and patients’ perception of spirituality in cancer care.
Method: In a conventional qualitative content analysis, data was collected through purposive sampling by
semi-structured deep interviews with 17 participants (10 patients and 7 nurses) in oncology units of
hospitals in Tabriz, and was analyzed simultaneously. Robustness of data analysis was evaluated by the
participants and external control.
Results: The emergent main theme was the "spirituality raising interactions". This theme consisted of
three sub-themes of "spiritual elevation in cancer care", "spiritual care barriers", and "religion-based
strategies". Patients with cancer understand cancer as an opportunity for belief correction, closeness to
God, and awareness of death as reincarnation. Nurses had poor skills in assessing and responding to
patients' spiritual needs and there were no support from organizations and clergymen for them in
addressing spiritual distress of patients. However, they were a source of energy, joy, hope, and power for
patients through their empathy, compassion, and openness. Patients and nurses used strategies based on
religious beliefs for strengthening their spiritual dimension.
Conclusion: Spiritual care requires a patient-centered approach in communication. Communication in
which the religious and spiritual beliefs of patients are considered as a valuable source of spiritual coping,
and which gives them the feeling of empathy, trust, passion, and joy. For reduction of barriers, the
integration of spiritual care issues in the curriculum of nursing and service training programs is
recommended. Care environment must be changed for religious practices and spiritual advisors and
clergymen should help patients and nurses in coping with spiritual distress.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90766_4bf71e1c08267324ed8bb9f0ed80ad95.pdf
2014-01-01
366
378
Spirituality
Religion
Spiritual care
cancer
content analysis
Vahid
Zamanzadeh
zamanzadeh@tbzmed.ac.ir
1
Nursing & Midwifery School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Maryam
Rassouli
rassouli.m@gmail.com
2
Nursing & Midwifery School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Abbas
Abbaszadeh
aabaszadeh@kmu.ac.ir
3
Nursing & Midwifery School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Ali-Reza
Nikanfar
nikanfarar@hotmail.com
4
Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Hamid
Alavi-Majd
alavimajd@gmail.com
5
Para Medicine School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
AUTHOR
Farnaz
Mirza-Ahmadi
6
Young Researchers Club and Elites, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University
AUTHOR
Akram
Ghahramanian
ghahramaniana@gmail.com
7
Nursing & Midwifery School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Study of Acid Attacks Based on Victim's Experiences: Causes and Strategies
Introduction: Acid attacks are undertaken with the intent to harm, disfigure, or kill another individual. In recent years, these attacks have had an increasing trend. Scientific research can provide a more in-depth understanding of this phenomenon. Thus, the present study investigated the nature and dimensions of acid throwing based on victim's experiences. Method: This qualitative study used the grounded theory method according to the approach of Strauss and Corbin. It was initiated by purposeful sampling and continued by applying theoretical sampling. Data saturation was achieved through semi-structured interviews with 12 victims. Data analysis was performed using the method recommended by Strauss and Corbin and was coded in 3 phases of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Results: The main theme of “physical and psychological wounds” emerged as a result of data analysis. The themes of self-recovery, active personal strategies and avoidance at a personal level, family and friends and social support at a medium level, and not accepting structural support also emerged. Living with substance-abusers with behavioral disorders, and lack of problem-solving skills in the face of interpersonal conflicts were shown to be causal conditions of acid attacks. Conclusion: Acid attacks result in physical and psychological wounds in victims. Due to being a multi-dimensional (illness, disability, and victimization) phenomena, it requires a wide range of strategies at different levels
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91081_29cae44d5284ad488f6c25db57c3c695.pdf
2014-01-01
377
391
acid splashing
Grounded theory
physical and psychic wounds
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7. Mannan, S. Ghani, A. Clarke, P. White, S. Salmanta, P.E. Butler. Psychosocial outcomes derived from an acid burned population in Bangladesh, and comparison with Western norms. Burns, 32 (2) (2006), pp. 235–241.
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8. Olaitan, B.C. Jiburum. Chemical injuries from assaults: an increasing trend in a developing country. Indian J Plast Surg, 41 (January (1)) (2008), pp. 20–23.
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9 .Chowdhury.E.H. Negotiating state and NGO politics in Bangladesh: woman mobilize against acid violence. Violence against women 2007; 13. 857-873.
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11. Asaria.j. Kobusingye.O.C. Khingi.B.A. Balkudemmbe.R. Acid burns from personal assault in Uganda. Burns 2004; 30. 78-81.
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12. Maghsoudi, H. . Gabraely, N. Epidemiology and outcome of 121 cases of chemical burn in East Azarbaijan province, Iran. Injury 2008; 39. 1042-1046.
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13. Milton, R., Mathieu, L, Hall, A.H., Maibach, H.I. Chemical assault and skin/eye burns: two representative cases, report from Acid survivor Foundation, and literature review. Burns 2010; 36. 924-932.
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14. Solberg.K. Pakistan moves to tackle acid violence: world report. 376. Retrieved from :www.thelaancent.com.2010
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16. Das K, M.S. Khondokar, M. Quamruzzaman, S.S. Ahmed, M. Peck. Assault by burning in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Burns, 39 (1) (2013), pp. 177–183.
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17. Branday J, G.D. Arscott, E.C. Smoot, G.D. Williams, P.R. Fletcher. Chemical burns as assault injuries in Jamaica. Burns, 22 (2) (1996), pp. 154–155.
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18. Mannan,S. , Ghani,A., Clarke.p., White.A., Salmanta.s., Bulter.P.E. Psychosocial outcomes derived from an acid burned population in Bangladesh and comparison with western norms. Burns 2006; 32. 235-241.
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20. Farhad.H. Naghibzadeh.B. Nouhi.A.H. Elmi Rad.H. Acid burn violence in Iran. Burns 2011; 24(3). 138-140.
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21. Struss A.L، Corbin JM. basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and procedures for Developing Grounded theory.2nd ed. Thousands Oska CA: Sage: p: 1998 41-179.
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22. Mohammadi F. The care of the vulnerable elderly. Thesis for degree of Phd. Tehran. Iran University of Medical Sciences;2008.
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23. Strauss , a. Corbin , J. Translate Buick Mohammadi. Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory, procedures and practices. Tehran; Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies; 2006.
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25. Mohammadpour A. against Method: rationale and design of qualitative methodology; Tehran; Sociologists Publications 1389.
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29. Jalali D; & Rahbariyan H. Violence against wives of addicts; J Social Welfare 2006 6(22): 54–67.
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30. Ahmadpour N, Asgari A, Azkhosh M, Masahe A. The violence experienced by women with a husband addicted to opiates and stimulants 2012; 13(4): 140-147.
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32. Ganjeh S, Dehestani M , Zadehmohammadi. Comparing the effectiveness of problem solving skills and emotional intelligence aggression High School Boys. J Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology 2013; 14(2): 38-50.
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33. Peck.M. Epidemiology of burns throughout the world.part II: international burns in adults. Article in press 2012.
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34. Appiahene-Gymafi. Interpersonal violent crime in Ghana: the case of assault in Accra. Journal of criminal justice 2007; 35. 419-431.
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35. Rahzani K, Taleghani F, Nikbakht N A, Omrani F M. Qualitative Approach on social problems in burned disfigurement individuals. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences 2008; 11(13): 37-48.
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37
38. Gilboa D. Long-term psychosocial adjustment after burn injury. J Burns 2001; 27: 335-41.
38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exploring the Experiences of the Effect of Holy Quran Reading on Test Anxiety among Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study
Introduction: Test anxiety, a common phenomenon among college students, is one of the problems of
educational systems. According to the Islamic religious doctrines, spiritual relationship with Allah (God)
comforts the hearts and prevents anxiety. Therefore, this study was performed with the goal of exploring
the experiences of the effect of Holy Quran reading on students test anxiety in Arak University of Medical
Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Method: In a qualitative research, 23 participants were interviewed in Arak University of Medical
Sciences during 2 months. The study started by purposive sampling and as the categories evolved it was
continued by theoretical sampling. The data were analyzed based on the content analysis method.
Results: Data analysis has shown that the third codes of the effect of Quran reading on participants’ test
anxiety were controlling test anxiety, strengthening the capacity of the individual, the effect of sounds and
meanings of the Quran, and final effects of Quran reading. Moreover, “the effect of holy Quran reading on
all dimensions of test anxiety and strengthening the capacity of the individual” emerged as the main theme
of the present study.
Conclusion: Using qualitative method, the experiences of the effect of Quran reading on students’ test
anxiety were more deeply recognized in comparison to using quantitative method. On the other hand, the
main theme of this study (“the effect of holy Quran reading on all dimensions of test anxiety and
strengthening the capacity of the individual”) is an important finding which is completely in agreement
with Allah’s speech in the Quran. Therefore, in order to benefit more from divine grace and blessing of
Allah manifested by the verse of the holy Quran, Quran reading is recommended for all students,
especially during exams.
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90767_370cbb3d04effb93402894e3879759d9.pdf
2014-01-01
379
392
test anxiety
qualitative research
Quran reading
Hamidreza
Kohestani
1
Arak University of Medical Sciences,
AUTHOR
Naiereh
Baghcheghi
2
Arak University of Medical Sciences,
AUTHOR
Davoud
Hekmatpou
dr_hekmat@arakmu.ac.ir
3
Arak University of Medical Sciences,
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Clinical Nature of Medical-Surgical Nursing Care
Introduction: Integration of theoretical knowledge and nursing practice has led to the creation of four central concepts in nursing including individual, health, nursing, and environment. Currently, greater emphasis is placed on the two concepts of health and care as the core of nursing. Thus, the purpose of the present qualitative study was to explain the concept of clinical care in internal-surgical nursing and its changes through time. Method: This study was part of an extensive grounded theory research on 14 clinical nurses, clinical educators, and nursing students of the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. The participants were selected, first, using purposive sampling method, and then, theoretical sampling. Data were collected through individual semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Data were codified using MAXQD 2007 software (VERBI GmbH, Berlin, Germany) and analyzed using grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Results: Data analysis revealed the 3 main themes of "essence of care in internal-surgical nursing", "clinical origin of care", and "the decline in nursing". Moreover, 9 subcategories were extracted including "clinical essence of internal-surgical nursing", "patient-centered care", "peaceful conscience of nurses", "meeting the basic needs of the patient", "perception of the patient", "specialization", "alienation with role", "detachment from clinical care", and "dependency". Conclusion: Care is the essence of nursing, in particular internal-surgical nursing, and the clinical environment is the care delivery site. The changes and challenges in providing nursing care necessitate the use of moral approaches, such as designing targeted educational programs and a student-centered curriculum, with emphasis on moral conscience
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_91082_887e0bf4c5b3fefe11c5c8d25dbfaf7d.pdf
2014-01-01
392
403
Care
Medical-surgical nursing
Clinical Practice
Grounded theory
qualitative research
Parkhide
Hassani
zahrasb16@yahoo.com
1
AUTHOR
Jhila
Abedsaiedi
2
AUTHOR
Camelia
Rohani
3
AUTHOR
1- Kenney WJ. Philosophical and Theoretical Perspectives for Advanced Nursing Practice. Jones and Bartlett; 2002.
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3- Rytterström P, Cedersund E, Arman M. Care and caring culture as experienced by nurses working in different care environments: A phenomenological-hermeneutic study. Int J Nurs Stud.2009;46(5); 689-98.
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4- Dehghan Nayyeri N, Jalali Nia F. Theory Development And Nursing Theories. Tehran: Boshra; 2004.
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5- Wilkin K. Slevin E. The meaning of caring to nurses:an investigation into the nature of caring work in an intensive care unit .Jclin Nurs. 2004;1 (13);50-9
5
6- Patistea E, Siamanta H . A literature review of patients' compared with nurses' perceptions of caring: Implications for practice and research.J Prof Nurs. 1999;15(5):302-12.
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7- Ryan A L. The Journey to Integrate Watson’s Caring Theory with Clinical Practice. International Journal Human Caring. 2005;9(3):26-30.
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8- Miyawaki M. Reconsidering the value of caring in nursing the value of caring in nursing practice.Journal of philosophy and ethics in health care and medicine. 2010;March(4):5-17.
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9
10-Finch FL. Development of a Substantive Theory of Nurse Caring. International Journal for Human Caring. 2008;12(1):25-33.
10
11- Lee-Hsieha J, Kuo c-L, Tseng H-F, Turton MA. Development of an instrument to measure caring behaviors in nursing students in Taiwan. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2005;42:579–88
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12- Downey J et.al.Canadian Association of Medical and Surgical Nurses National Practice Standards. Canadian Association of Medical and Surgical Nurses.september.(2008); 1-22
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