Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
Social determinants of health care process in rural society of Iran from health care provider's experience
159
169
EN
Manijeh
Eskandari
, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Bam International Unit
yasna_eskandari@yahoo.com
Abbas
Abbaszadeh
0000-0001-5708-7838
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
aabaszadeh@hotmail.com
Fariba
Borhani
0000-0002-8937-2649
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
faribaborhani@msn.com
Introduction: Health care systems in rural areas face numerous challenges in meeting the
community's needs. However, adequate attention has not been paid to this problem. The aim of
this study was to describe the social determinants of the health care process in the rural society of
Iran.
Method: This was a qualitative study,in which the content analysis method was used. 21 rural
health care providers were selected according to purposive sampling. The data were collected via
semi-structured individual interviews and a small focus group discussion. The data were then
analyzed by using qualitative content analysis based on methods described by Granheme and
Landman.
Results: Data analysis eventually led to formation of one category entitled social determinants of
caring process in rural society. These social determinants of caring process include subcategories
such as economic situation, cultural variety, literacy level, value priorities and beliefs of people,
governmental policies, quality of interactions and confidentiality, quality of accessibility, and native
health workers.
Conclusion: Social determinants of the caring process in rural society usually affect health care
use by people. Therefore, attention to these social determinants of health care process is very
important in designing of new promotional models of the health care process
Social determinants,Process assessment (Health care),Rural society
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90720.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90720_53284216c7e01bf0fef1a57057bfef3d.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
Coping With Acquired Immune Deficiency Infection: A Phenomenological Study
170
181
EN
Ali
Mohammadpour
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center
dr.mohammadpur@gmu.ac.ir
Zohre
Parsa Yekta
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Alireza
Nikbakht Nasrabadi
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: The epidemic of HIV infection is a serious health problem with major effects on
people’s lives. It is essential to comprehend the lived experience of life with HIV. Therefore, the
present research was conducted for a better understanding of the meaning and nature of life with
this phenomenon.
Method: This qualitative study was conducted using an interpretative, phenomenological
approach. 19 HIV-infected patients were coosen by purposive sampling method. Audio-taped, indepth,
and semi-structured interviews and field notes were used for data collection. All the
interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by using the hermeneutic approach
developed by Diekelmann.
Results: According to the findings, the 19 participants were between 21-56 years of age in
47.4% CD4 count was under or equal to 200 cells/mm3 and the others were in an earlier phase of
HIV infection. The main themes were beliefs and time, other HIV patients, inconsistencies in
coping, and fighting and struggling.
Conclusion: People with HIV/AIDS diagnosis face many challenges in different aspects of their
lives. Some can not cope with their new situation effectively and may be threatening to both their
own and others people’s lives. Understanding these patients' experiences and explaining the
positive experinces to other patients, and giving them support and guidance is suggested to care
givers.
HIV/AIDS,Lived experience,Coping,Phenomenology
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90721.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90721_73d809f24c8a490dd72cbb7255ae2e8d.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
The Lived Experiences of Nurses of Comatose Patients: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology Approach
182
188
EN
Mostafa
Shokati Ahmad Abad
www.sbmu.ac.ir
msn_sho@yahoo.com
Houman
Manoochehri
0000-0003-0393-6704
www.sbmu.ac.ir
dr.houmanmanoochehri@gmail.com
Introduction: The quality of care in comatose patients is the most significant criteria for
evaluation of nursing care quality. This is due to the fact that caring for these patients is long and
very burdensome. This criterion is achieved by transferring of experience from experienced
nurses to novice nurses. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experience of
caregivers of comatose patients.
Method: van Manen’s conception of hermeneutic phenomenology with purposeful sampling of
nurses of teaching hospitals was used in Tehran in 2011. The data were collected through 8
interviews. The gathered data were analyzed in order to explain this lived experience.
Results: The participants were 5 males and 3 females and were working in critical care units for
6-23 years. 15 essential subthemes were elicited, and were classified into 4 themes. The
meaning of caring for comatose patients was explained by the subthemes and themes achieved.
Conclusion: The findings of the current study will give nurses a greater knowledge on caring for
comatose patients, give greater insight into the issues being faced by the caregiver, lead to a
better understanding of the needs of these patients, improve the relationship with the patients,
and ultimately help improve the nursing practice.
Nurses’ lived experiences,Coma,Caring,Hermeneutic phenomenology
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90722.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90722_f8d0cc536650616f88a1afd8ce7c499c.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
The Existing Problems in the Tuberculosis Control Program of Iran: A Qualitative Study
189
201
EN
Mahmood
Moosazadeh
Research Center for modeling in health, Kerman University of medical sciences, Iran.
cdctbmaz@yahoo.com
Narges
Khanjani
Faculty of Public Health, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
n_khanjani@kmu.ac.ir
Introduction: The TB control program in the world has encountered serious problems because
of weakness in case detection, inadequate and improper treatment, drug resistance and the
emerging and concurrent epidemic of HIV. Therefore, this qualitative study was conducted in
order to gain a deep and better understanding of the problems and to suggest initiatives to
improve the situation.
Method: A qualitative content analysis study was carried out by semi-structured interviews with
key informants of the tuberculosis control program in Iran. Participants were selected by
purposeful sampling. The trustworthiness of the study was confirmed by the four criteria of
credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability. Data analysis was performed using
framework analysis and the main themes and subthemes were identified.
Results: Twenty four subthemes and six themes were identified as followings: 1) strategies and
policies, 2) characteristics of human resources, 3) quality and quantity of resources, 4) the basis
of the methods, 5) coordination and communication and 6) general public participation and
social support.
Conclusion: Different factors have led to the weakness of the program. In order to improve the
current situation and alleviate the problem, it is necessary to improve the processes of diagnosis
and treatment, TB reporting system, physician compliance to the National protocol of
tuberculosis control, public education, recruitment of TB coordinator physicians, the practice of
TB diagnosis laboratory staff and other diagnostic and treatment facilities.
Tuberculosis,Case finding,treatment,qualitative research
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90723.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90723_47215089642a86d403cf677a534aa08a.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
Salient Beliefs Relevant to Oral Contraceptives Among Withdrawal Users for Development of A Belief-Based Questionnaire: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior
202
213
EN
Parvin
Rahnama
Shahed University
Alireza
Hidarnia
Tarbiat modaress Universiy
Ali
Montazeri
Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research
farkhondeh
Aminshokravi
Tarbiat modaress Universiy
Anoushiravan
Kazemnejad
Tarbiat modaress Universiy
jila
soltanahmadi
nursing and midwifery
Introduction: The aim of this study was to elicit the salient beliefs relevant to OCs among
withdrawal user for development of a belief- based questionnaire.
Method: This was a qualitative study. A sample of women attending a health care center in
Tehran, Iran was entered into the study. Face-to face interviews were conducted to collect data.
Content analysis was performed to analyze the data.
Results: In this study determined TPB constructs including indirect attitude (behavioral beliefs,
outcome evaluations), indirect subjective norms (normative beliefs, motivation to comply),
indirect perceived behavior control and behavioral intention. The attitude scale had 10 items
five items on beliefs about the outcome of using OCs and 5 items on evaluation of a given belief.
The subjective norms scale included 10 items 5 items on beliefs about the expectation of
significant others and 5 items that measured motivation to comply with significant others’
expectations. The perceived behavioral control scale was comprised of 4 items. The present
study measured this variable with two items.
Conclusion: In this elicitation study we found that belief about Oral contraceptives. It seems
that health providers should address beliefs that exist about OC and highlight the
noncontraceptive health benefits of OC to balance the information provided for women.
Theory of Planned Behavior,Oral contraceptives,Withdrawal contraception,Qualitative study
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90724.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90724_74af1546e9d96e6d2c4649209589d978.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
The Concept of Nursing Care Quality from the Perspective of Stakeholders: A Phenomenological Study
214
228
EN
Foroozan
Atashzadeh Shoorideh
f_atashzadeh@sbmu.ac.ir
Mehrnoosh
Pazargadi
mehrnoosh_pazar@yahoo.com
Mansoureh
Zagheri Tafreshi
m.z.tafreshi@sbmu.ac.ir
Introduction: Quality in health care has various aspects, definitions, and interpretations.
According to diverse definitions of nursing care quality in different cultures, this study explored
the meaning of nursing care quality from the stakeholders’ point of view.
Method: This study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to depict the lived
experiences of nurses, doctors, and patients and their relatives about nursing care quality. Data
was collected through deep individual interviews and observasions. The collected data was then
analyzed using Diekelmann’s seven-stage method.
Results: We performed individual interviews with six doctors, 10 nurses, and 22 patients.
Moreover, 20 patient relatives were interviewed in a focus group. The first stage of data analysis
revealed 2312 initial codes. The ongoing process of analysis, comparison, and reductions
resulted in a final number of five themes and 22 subthemes. Doctors, nurses, and patients and
their relatives defined the concept of nursing care quality as “meeting the needs of patients
through purposeful care and appropriate relationships, support, mutual respect, responsibility,
and accountability”.
Conclusion: Nursing managers must identify strategies to support and provide better nursing
care which reflects purposeful care, nursing responsibility, appropriate relationships, and patient
respect and support for all clients. These findings may also be used by nursing educators to
improve nursing curricula.
Nursing care quality,Hermeneutic phenomenology,Nurse,Doctor,Patient
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90725.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90725_4e2115fb2f5da61790161a4bc06c8c22.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
Iranian Nursing Instructors’ Perceived Experiences of Challenges of Effective Education: A Qualitative Content Analysis
229
239
EN
Nasrin
Elahi
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس - دانشکده پزشکی –گروه پرستاری
elahi_118@yahoo.com
fatemah
alhani
0000-0002-1090-2476
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس - دانشکده پزشکی –گروه پرستاری
alhani_f@modares.ac.ir
Fazllolah
Ahmadi
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس - دانشکده پزشکی –گروه پرستاری
Introduction: Any shortcoming and deficiency in training has direct impacts on clinical
knowledge and skills of nurses. Such impacts will eventually affect community health. The
purpose of the present study was to explore nursing instructors’ perceptions about challenges of
effective education in Iranian nursing.
Method: A qualitative content analysis approach in-depth Semi-structured interviews and
purposeful sampling were conducted in 2011 with 15 participants to better understand their
perceptions of the effectiveness education In Ahvaz and Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Results: The data analysis resulted in three main themes achieved: ‘Non-care-centered
education, inadequate technical competence ‘Evaluation not conducted, were considered as
important challenges of in effectiveness education in Iranian nursing.
Conclusion: The findings can be helpful for international nurse instructors and educational
planners to be exposed to the unheard perspectives of nursing faculties and reconsider the
weakness of effective education in nursing planning and evaluation process conducted by them.
We suggested that educational goals in nursing are designed base on “care”. If the weaknesses
have improved, it can lead to achieve technical competency of nurses and community health will
promote.
Effectiveness education,Nursing instructor\'s experiences,Qualitative content analysis,Nursing instructor\'s experiences,Educational base care
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90726.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90726_968ce7c51dd4ff860048b12312e604be.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences
2645-6109
1
3
2012
11
01
Caring for Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease in Nursing Homes: A Qualitative Content Analysis
240
253
EN
Shahrzad
Yektatalab
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences/College of Nursing and Midwifery
shahrzadyekta@yahoo.com
Mohammad hossein
Kaveh
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences/Faculty of Health and nutrition/ Shiraz University of Medical sciences
yektash@sums.ac.ir
Farkhondeh
Sharif
0000-0003-0710-8770
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences/College of Nursing and Midwifery
fsharif@sums.ac.ir
Masoud
Falahi khoshknab
Nursing Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
msflir@yahoo.com
Peyman
Petramfar
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences/Neurology department
petramfar@sums.ac.ir
Introduction: Gradual and inevitable deterioration of mind and self causes wide ranges of
somatic, emotional, and financial needs in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Nurses have a
main role in preparing a suitable environment and care for patients. The aim of this research was
to understand caring experience and perspective of staff in nursing homes.
Method: In a qualitative study, 10 female and three male caregivers in Iranian nursing homes
were selected based on purposeful sampling. The subjects were interviewed and data was
analyzed using content analysis method. After data immersion, interview texts were transcribed
verbatim and initial codes were extracted. These initial codes were re-evaluated and
categorized.
Results: Nearly 850 initial codes were extracted and categorized as three main themes of
aspects, bases, and characteristics of care. In addition, 17 sub-themes were identified.
Conclusion: Caring for patients’ with Alzheimer’s disease consists of physical routines. Other
aspects of care receive limited attention and are provided unprofessionally, based on common
sense and personal experience. Employing and continuous education of trained staff in
assessment and caring of patients with Alzheimer’s disease can improve the environment of
nursing homes, the quality of the provided care, and patients’ quality of life..
Alzheimer’s disease,Care,Nursing home,qualitative research,Experience
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90727.html
https://jqr1.kmu.ac.ir/article_90727_02876113cff6906366df7492a32a0993.pdf