Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences

Authors

1 qom

2 tehran

Abstract

Introduction: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a vital device for the treatment and control of heart dysrhythmia. This study aimed to determine the lived experience of spouses of people with implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
Method: This qualitative study with phenomenological hermeneutic approach was performed using van Manen’s method. Participants consisted of 13 spouses of people with implantable cardioverter defibrillator referred to Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2015. All the participants were chosen purposefully. Data were collected with in-depth semi-structured interviews. The duration of interviews was between 30 to 45 minutes. The data were analyzed using van Manen’s six-step method.
Results: The three main themes of this research were experiencing the first shock (with subthemes of fear, shock expectation, and unpleasant experience), sense of security (with subthemes of receiving hidden help, gain of control, and dependence to the device), and experience of life limitation with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (with subthemes of interference with the role, the costs, limited mobility, driving, and commuting).

Conclusion: People with implantable cardioverter defibrillator had generally the sense of safety and security, despite some unpleasant experiences like electrical shock and some limitations. Healthcare provider especially nurses can provide necessary educations about the device instruction and promote self-care and quality of life in order to help people with implantable cardioverter defibrillator and their family.

Keywords

1. Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO. Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2014. 2. Josephson M, Wellens HJ. Implantable defibrillators and sudden cardiac death. Circulation. 2004;109(22):2685-91. 3. Belardinelli R, Capestro F, Misiani A, Scipione P, Georgiou D. Moderate exercise training improves functional capacity, quality of life, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in chronic heart failure patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. 2006;13(5):818-25. 4. Matchett M, Sears SF, Hazelton G, Kirian K, Wilson E, Nekkanti R. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator: its history, current psychological impact and future. Expert review of medical devices. 2009;6(1):43-50. 5. Fluur C, Bolse K, Strömberg A, Thylén I. Spouses’ reflections on Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator treatment with focus on the future and the end‐of‐life: a qualitative content analysis. Journal of advanced nursing. 2014;70(8):1758-69. 6. Humphreys NK, Lowe R, Rance J, Bennett PD. Living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: The patients' experience. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 2015. 7. Bostwick JM, Sola CL. An updated review of implantable cardioverter/defibrillators, induced anxiety, and quality of life. Heart failure clinics. 2011;7(1):101-8. 8. Fluur C, Bolse K, Strömberg A, Thylén I. Patients' experiences of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD); with a focus on battery replacement and end-of-life issues. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 2013;42(3):202-7. 9. Cho E-YN, von Känel R, Marten-Mittag B, Ronel J, Kolb C, Baumert J, et al. Determinants and trajectory of phobic anxiety in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Heart. 2012;98(10):806-12. 10. Humphreys NK, Lowe R, Rance J, Bennett PD. Living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: The patients' experience. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 2016;45(1):34-40. 11. Dougherty CM, Fairbanks AM, Eaton LH, Morrison ML, Kim MS, Thompson EA. Comparison of patient and partner quality of life and health outcomes in the first year after an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Journal of behavioral medicine. 2016;39(1):94-106. 12. Thylén I, Dekker RL, Jaarsma T, Strömberg A, Moser DK. Characteristics associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms, and quality-of-life in a large cohort of implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2014;77(2):122-7. 13. Pasyar N, Sharif F, Rakhshan M, Nikoo M, Navab E. Iranian Patients’ Experiences of the Internal Cardioverter Defibrillator Device Shocks: a Qualitative Study. Journal of caring sciences. 2015;4(4):277. 14. Abbasi M, Negarandeh R, Dehghan Nayeri N. Living With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A phenomenological Study. Journal of hayat. 2014;20(3):19-29. 15. Jakub KE, Sandelowski M. Reimplantation surgery in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: A qualitative study. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 2016;45(1):48-55. 16. Hinkle JL, Cheever KH. Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-surgical Nursing: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013. 17. Pashaei F, TALEGHANI F, Tavakol K, REZAEI AE. Family experiences from caregivering of patient with coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a qualitative study. 2010. 18. Eckert M, Jones T. How does an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) affect the lives of patients and their families? International journal of nursing practice. 2002;8(3):152-7. 19. Svanholm JR, Nielsen JC, Mortensen P, Christensen CF, Birkelund R. Refusing Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Replacement in Elderly Persons—The Same as Giving Up Life: A Qualitative Study. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 2015;38(11):1275-86. 20. Oudshoorn N. Sustaining cyborgs: Sensing and tuning agencies of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Social studies of science. 2015;45(1):56-76. 21. Navab E, Negarandeh R, Peyrovi H. Lived experiences of Iranian family member caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease: caring as ‘captured in the whirlpool of time’. Journal of clinical nursing. 2012;21(7‐8):1078-86. 22. Van Manen M. Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy: Left Coast Press; 2015. 23. Holloway I, Wheeler S. Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare: John Wiley & Sons; 2013. 24. Palacios‐Ceña D, Losa‐Iglesias ME, Álvarez‐López C, Cachón‐Pérez M, Reyes RAR, Salvadores‐Fuentes P, et al. Patients, intimate partners and family experiences of implantable cardioverter defibrillators: qualitative systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing. 2011;67(12):2537-50. 25. Freedenberg V, Thomas SA, Friedmann E. Anxiety and depression in implanted cardioverter-defibrillator recipients and heart failure: a review. Heart failure clinics. 2011;7(1):59-68. 26. Kamphuis H, Verhoeven NW, Leeuw R, Derksen R, Hauer RN, Winnubst JA. ICD: a qualitative study of patient experience the first year after implantation. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2004;13(8):1008-16. 27. Morken IM, Bru E, Norekvål TM, Larsen AI, Idsoe T, Karlsen B. Perceived support from healthcare professionals, shock anxiety and post‐traumatic stress in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients. Journal of clinical nursing. 2014;23(3-4):450-60. 28. Ford J, Rosman L, Wuensch K, Irvine J, Sears SF. Cognitive–Behavioral Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2016. 29. Wójcicka M, Lewandowski M, Smolis-Bak E, Szwed H. Psychological and clinical problems in young adults with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Kardiologia polska. 2008;66(10):1050-8; discussion 9-60. 30. Flemme I, Johansson I, Strömberg A. Living with life‐saving technology–coping strategies in implantable cardioverter defibrillators recipients. Journal of clinical nursing. 2012;21(3‐4):311-21. 31. Rahman B, Macciocca I, Sahhar M, Kamberi S, Connell V, Duncan RE. Adolescents with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: a patient and parent perspective. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 2012;35(1):62-72. 32. McDonough A. The experiences and concerns of young adults (18–40 years) living with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2009;8(4):274-80. 33. Morken IM, Severinsson E, Karlsen B. Reconstructing unpredictability: experiences of living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator over time. Journal of clinical nursing. 2010;19(3‐4):537-46. 34. Zayac S, Finch N. Recipients' of implanted cardioverter‐defibrillators actual and perceived adaptation: a review of the literature. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. 2009;21(10):549-56.