Comparison of the Effect of Two Kinds of the Common and the NASM Corrective Exercises on the Changes of Genu Varum Deformity and Balance of Adolescent Soccer Players; A mixed method study

Yalfani, Ali; Givaki, Mehrdad; Ashoury, Hossein

Authors

¹ Associate Professor,, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

² MSc, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

³ Lecturer, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payam-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Genu varum is one of the most common deformities in adolescents, and it has always been considered to achieve an appropriate corrective program to reduce genu varum. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two kinds of common and the National Academy sports Medicine (NASM) corrective exercises on the correction of genu varum deformity in adolescent soccer players.
Method: This is a qualitative-quantitative study with quasi experimental approach. In this study, data were collected using interviews and laboratory tests. A total of 42 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years with genu varum were selected using purposive sampling and randomly divided into 3 groups (14 in each group), including the group of corrective exercises of the NASM, the common Exercise group, and control group. Data were analyzed using the framework analysis method.
Results: After data analysis, 2 main categories including attitudinal factors (pain and disability, nutrition, genetic, body mass index, and self-esteem) and motivational factors (daily activity, physical activity, apparent fitness, occupational continuity and social status, and muscle imbalance) were extracted. It was revealed that two methods of common corrective exercises and NASM corrective exercises were effective in correcting genu varum deformity, while the NASM corrective exercises was more effective in the correction of this deformity.
Conclusion: According to the results of the interview and laboratory tests confirming the effectiveness of these exercises on people with genu varum deformity, therapists, Correctional Physicians, and trainers are recommended to use the NASM protocol in order to correct genu varum deformity.

Keywords

References

Abbaszadeh A, Sahebzamani M, Seifadini MA, Samsampour D. Effect of an 8-week corrective exercise on hyperlordosis girl students, Kerman, Iran. Medical Journal of Hormozgan University 2012; 16(5): 377-86. [In Persian]. 2. Chantraine A. Knee joint in soccer players: Osteoarthritis and axis deviation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 17(4):434-9. 3. National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM). NASM Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training. US: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2013. 4. Curran PF, Fiore RD, Crisco JJ. A comparison of the pressure exerted on soft tissue by 2 myofascial rollers. J Sport Rehabil 2012; 17(4): 432-42. 5. Derscheid GL, Malone TR. Knee disorders. Physical Therapy 2014; 60(12): 1582-9. 6. Ebrahimi B. The effect of corrective exercises on knee posture static and dynamic balance of athlete & non athlete student with genu varum deformity [dissertation]. Urmia: University of Urmia; 2015. [In Persian]. 7. Esmaeili H, Anbarian M, Salari Esker F. The effect of an eight-week corrective exercise program on plantar pressure distribution pattern in adolescents with genu varum deformity during stance phase of walking. Journal of Sport Medicine 2014; 5(2): 73-86. [In Persian]. 8. Levine HB, Bosco JA 3rd. Sagittal and coronal biomechanics of the knee: A rationale for corrective measures. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 2013; 65(1): 87-95. 9. Guissard N, Duchateau J. Effect of static stretch training on neural and mechanical properties of the human plantar‐flexor muscles. Muscle Nerve 2004; 29(2): 248-55. 10. Hanten WP, Olson SL, Butts NL, Nowicki AL. Effectiveness of a home program of ischemic pressure followed by sustained stretch for treatment of myofascial trigger points. Phys Ther 2011; 80(10): 997-1003. 11. Hindle KB, Whitcomb TJ, Briggs WO, Hong J. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF): Its mechanisms and effects on range of motion and muscular function. J Hum Kinet 2012; 31: 105-13. 12. Hou CR, Tsai LC, Cheng KF, Chung KC, Hong CZ. Immediate effects of various physical therapeutic modalities on cervical myofascial pain and trigger-point sensitivity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83(10): 1406-14. 13. Kamali M, Ghasemi B, Moradi MR, Bagherian Dehkordi S. Comparing the Effect of two kinds of the traditional and the NASM corrcetive exercises training protocols on the correction of hyperlordosis in female students. Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 2015; 11(2): 155-63. [In Persian]. 14. Kisner C, Colby LA. Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F.ADavis Commpany; 2007. 15. Levangie PK, Norkin CC. Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company; 2011. p. 393-425. 16. Lippert LS. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy. 6th ed. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company; 2017. p. 251-4. 17. Moisio K, Chang A, Eckstein F, Chmiel JS, Wirth W, Almagor O, et al. Varus–valgus alignment: Reduced risk of subsequent cartilage loss in the less loaded compartment. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63(4): 1002-9. 18. Neely FG. Biomechanical risk factors for exercise-related lower limb injuries. Sports medicine. Sports Med 2013; 26(6): 395-413. 19. Abdollahpour Darvishani M, Barghamadi M, Kiani A. The effect of comparison kinesio taping and corrective exercise on genu varum and knee kinematics in adolescent soccer players. journal of Sport Biomechanics 2018; 4(2): 59-69. [In Persian]. 20. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG, Rodgers MM, Romani WA. Muscles testing and function with posture and pain. 5 th ed. North American: LWW; 2005. 21. Shirvani Pour S, Sadeghi H, Mimar R. Comparison between changes in the center of pressure among the elite male karatekas with or without genu varum during forward and backward walking tasks. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2016; 5(1): 41-9. [In Persian]. 22. Samaei A, Bakhtiary AH, Elham F, Rezasoltani A. Effects of genu varum deformity on postural stability. Int J Sports Med 2012; 33(06): 469-73. 23. Sardari Amidabadi S. Effect of lower extremity deformity corrective exercise training on dynamic and static balance of active and passive female university student [dissertation]. Tehran: Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch; 2012. [In Persian]. 24. Stroebel S, De Ridder JH, Wilders CJ, Ellis SM. Differences in body composition and prevalence for postural deviations in girls from two racial groups in south africa. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation 2009; 31(2): 119-33. 25. Witvrouw E, Danneels L, Thijs Y, Cambier D, Bellemans J. Does soccer participation lead to genu varum? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2013; 17(4): 422-7. 26. Yang NH, Nayeb‐Hashemi H, Canavan PK, Vaziri A. Effect of frontal plane tibiofemoral angle on the stress and strain at the knee cartilage during the stance phase of gait. J Orthop Res 2010; 28(12): 1539-47.

Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences

Comparison of the Effect of Two Kinds of the Common and the NASM Corrective Exercises on the Changes of Genu Varum Deformity and Balance of Adolescent Soccer Players; A mixed method study

References

References

Volume 8, Issue 2
October 2019
Pages 14-30

Comparison of the Effect of Two Kinds of the Common and the NASM Corrective Exercises on the Changes of Genu Varum Deformity and Balance of Adolescent Soccer Players; A mixed method study

References

References

Volume 8, Issue 2October 2019Pages 14-30

Volume 8, Issue 2
October 2019
Pages 14-30