Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences

Authors

1 Consultative Office, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

2 Department of Sociology, School of Humanities, Centeral Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Counseling, School of Humanities, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran

4 Department of Counseling, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, due to rising of divorce statistics in the country, paying attention to causes of this phenomenon is considered. This qualitative study aimed to assess the context and consequences of divorce in Rasht City, Iran.
Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenological approach. 25 men and women, who experienced divorce, were selected using purposive sampling method, and were studied via in-depth and exploratory interviews. Then, the data were collected, registered, encoded, and classified into themes and subthemes categories.
Results: By analyzing the participants' experiences, 516 primary codes, 6 main themes, and 21 subthemes were extracted. The findings in the context of divorce were classified in 9 subthemes, and 3 main themes of large, interactive, and small contexts. The consequences of divorce consisted of 12 subthemes, and 3 main themes of economic, social-cultural, and individual outcomes.
Conclusion: Participants experiences indicate that divorce is multidimensional and interactive, with changing affecting factors, and structural relationship between its context and consequences. So, for any prevention program, counseling, or intervention, these structural relationships, affecting factors, and multidimensional nature should be considered.

Keywords

1. Census Organization of Iran. Divorces recorded in different Provinces of Iran in 2014 [Online]. [cited 2018]; Available from: URL: http://www.sabteahval.ir/Upload/Modules/Contents/asset99/t1393.pdf. [In Persian]. 2. Saroukhani B. Divorce: A study on the reality and its causes. Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran Press; 1997. 3. Alimardani S. The role of arbitration in resolving family disputes divorced spouses (Case study of Isfahan). [MSc Thesis]. Isfahan, Iran: University of Isfahan; 2006. [In Persian]. 4. Kalantari A, Roshanfekr P, Javaheri J. A review on 3 decades of research on causes of divorce in Iran. Women's Strategic Studies 2011; 14(53): 129-62. [In Persian]. 5. Rahimi, H. Investigate the causes of divorce in Khorasan Province. Population Journal 2000; 8(33-34): 100-12. [In Persian]. 6. Zargar F, Neshat-Doost HT. Divorce incidence factors in Falavarjan Township. Journal of Family Research 2008; 3(11): 737-49. [In Persian]. 7. Foroutan SK, Jadid Milani M. The Prevalence of sexual dysfunction among divorce requested. Daneshvar Med 2009; 16(78): 39-44. [In Persian]. 8. Habibpour Gatabi K, Nazok Tabar H. Divorce factors in Mazandaran Province. Women's Strategic Studies 2011; 14(53): 88-127. [In Persian]. 9. Fatehi Dehaghani A, Nazari AM. Sociological analysis of factors influencing divorce in Isfahan Province. Journal of Social Security Studies 2009; 2(2): 13-54. [In Persian]. 10. Javadi AM, Javadi M. The tendency to divorce and its risk factors in patients attending family court in the city Eyvan-e Gharb and Gilan-e Gharb, Iran. Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Social Harms of Social Sciences; 2012 May 23; Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]. 11. Barikani A, Sarbachlu MI. Factors affecting divorce, marriage and divorce in the complex of judicial offices referred to in Qazvin province, Iran. Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Social Harms of Social Sciences; 2012 May 23; Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]. 12. Poorkhan A. Comparative divorces in couples referring to family intervention centers in Kerman, Iran. Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Social Harms of Social Sciences; 2012 May 23; Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]. 13. Honarian M, Younesi J. The study of divorce reasons in Tehran Family Courts. Clinical Psychology Studies 2011; 1(3): 125-56. [In Persian]. 14. Naimi MR. Sexual problems and divorce (Case study: Golestan Province). Quarterly of Sociological Studies of Iran 2012; 2(4): 79-94. [In Persian]. 15. Kalmijn M, De Graaf PM, Poortman AR. Interactions between cultural and economic determinants of divorce in the Netherlands. J Marriage Fam 2004; 66(1): 75-89. 16. Fletcher GJ. Sex differences in causal attributions for marital separation. NZ J Psycholy 1983; 12(2): 82-9. 17. Duba JD, Hughey AW, Lara T, Burke MG. Areas of marital dissatisfaction among long-term couples. Adultspan Journal 2012; 11(1): 39-54. 18. Cleek MG, Pearson TA. Perceived causes of divorce: An analysis of interrelationships. J Marriage Fam 1985; 47(1): 179-83. 19. Kitson GC. Divorce and relationship dissolution research: Then and now. In: Fine MA, Harvey JH, editors. Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution. Hove, UK: Psychology Press: 2013. p. 31-56. 20. Amato PR, Previti D. People's reasons for divorcing: gender, social class, the life course, and adjustment. J Fam Issues 2003; 24(5): 602-26. 21. Amato PR, James S. Divorce in Europe and the United States: Commonalities and differences across nations. Family Science 2010; 1(1): 2-13. 22. Chlen SCH, Mustaffa MS. Divorce in Malaysia. Seminar Kaunseling Keluarga 2008; 23-8. 23. Gottman JM. Marital interaction: Experimental investigations. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 2013. p. 8-10. 24. Clarke-Stewart A, Brentano C. Divorce causes and consequences. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2006. p. 110-8. 25. Sadrolashrafi M, Khonakdar Taresi M, Shamkhani A, Yusefi Afrashteh M. Pathology of divorce (Factors and causes) and solutions to prevent. Cultural Engineering 2013; 7(73-74): 27-53. [In Persian]. 26. Hafarian L, Aghai A, Kajbaf MB, Kamkar M. The compare between divorced women's quality of life and undivorced women in Shiraz city and the study of relationship between demographic variables of divorced women and their quality of life. Knowledge and Reseach in Applied Psychology 2009; 11(41): 64-86. [In Persian]. 27. Karami Zarandi H, Salehi I, Hakim Javadi M. Divorce psychological disorders (anxiety and depression) and academic failure in secondary school boys and girls in Zanjan City, [MSc Thesis]. Rasht, Iran: University of Guilan; 2006. [In Persian]. 28. Heidari H, Navabinezhad S. Comparison of the level of depression among divorced women and men during one year after divorce in Varamin City. [MSc Thesis]. Tehran, Iran: Tarbiat Moallem University of Tehran; 2003. [In Persian]. 29. Akhavan Tafti O. Divorce stages and aftermaths. Journal of Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological 2004; 1(3): 125-51. [In Persian]. 30. Seif S. Comparison of the effects of divorce on American and Iranian divorced men and women. Journal of Family and Research 2003; 1 (1): 81-104. [In Persian]. 31. Dykstra PA, Fokkema T. Social and emotional loneliness among divorced and married men and women: Comparing the deficit and cognitive perspectives. Basic Appl Soc Psych 2007; 29(1): 1-12. 32. Gomez-Diaz JA. Phenomenology of divorce (or the essence of separation) in women. Psicol Soc 2011; 23(2): 391-7. 33. Sharp EA, Ganong L. I'm a Loser, I'm Not Married, Let's Just All Look at Me": Ever-Single women's perceptions of their social environment. J Fam Issues 2011; 32(7): 956-80. 34. Zarei F, Merghati Khoei E, Taghdisi Mohammad H, Solhi M, Nejat S, Shojaei Zadeh D, et al. Divorce from a divorcee woman's perspectives: A qualitative study. J Qual Res Health Sci 2013; 2(3): 234-347. [In Persian]. 35. Mohammadpur A. A phenomenological study of contexts, consequences and adaptations to divorce among divorced women of Tehran City. Journal of Family Counseling and Psychotherapy 2014; 4(1): 135-80. [In Persian]. 36. Fasaei SS, Esari M. Gender analysis of life after divorce: A qualitative study. Woman in Development and Politics (Women's Research) 2012; 10(3): 5-30. [In Persian]. 37. Sharma B. Mental and emotional impact of divorce on women. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology 2011; 37(1): 125-31. 38. Moore VL, Schwebel AI. Factors contributing to divorce. J Divorce Remarriage 1994; 20(1-2): 123-35. 39. Guba EG, Lincoln YS. The countenances of fourth-generation evaluation: Description, judgment, and negotiation. In: Palumbo D, editor. The politics of program evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE Publications; 1987. p. 202-34. 40. Moustakas C. Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; 1994. p. 76-80. 41. Van Manen M. Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. London, UK: Routledge; 2015. p. 12. 42. Guest G, MacQueen KM, Namey EE. Applied thematic analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; 2011. 43. Goldenberg H, Goldenberg I. Family Therapy: An Overview. Boston, UK: Cengage Learning; 2012. p. 120-40.